英语四级考试试题及答案(3篇).pdfVIP

篇）

1

歌谣和神话

远在文字出现之前，歌谣跟口头流传的神话就已大量产生。

__的文学正是开始于此。不过，歌谣本是人们在生活中随兴而发

的东西，上古时代也没有保存和记载它们的方式，因此也就很快

湮灭，不留痕迹。如今，我们只能从一些古书中推断它们的存在。

古书中记载了一些年代非常久远的歌谣，但是大多出于后人的伪

托，能够断定出处的歌谣要到《诗经》里才能看见。从这点来看，

古代神话对__文学的影响更为显著。

翻译词汇：

歌谣ballad

随兴而发improvise

痕迹trace

推断deduce

年代非常久远的time-honored

伪托derivative

《诗经》TheBookofSongs

译文：

Longbeforetheemergenceofthewrittenword,balladsand

Chineseliteraturefindsitsoriginsinthesetraditions.However,

balladswerewhatpeopleimprovisedoutofdailylife,anddueto

lackofmeanstorecordandpreservetheminancienttimes,they

quicklydisappearedwithoutleavingmuchofatrace.Today,we

canonlydeducetheirexistencefromancientbooks,which

recordedsometime-honoredballads,thoughmostoftheseare

believedtobederivativesoflatergenerations.BalladsinThe

BookofSongsaretheearliestwritingsthatcanbedated.From

thispointofview,ancientmythologyhashadagreaterinfluence

onChineseliterature.

2

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Itisprettymuchaone-waystreet.Whileitmaybemonfor

universityresearcherstotrytheirluckinthemercialworld,there

isverylittletrafficintheoppositedirection.Payhasalwaysbeen

thebiggestdeterrent,aspeoplewithfamiliesoftenfeelthey

cannotaffordthedropinsalarywhenmovingtoauniversityjob.

Forsomeindustrialscientists,however,theattractionsof

academia(学术界)outweighanyfinancialconsiderations.

HelenLeetooka70%cutinsalarywhenshemovedfroma

UniversityofCambridge.Hermainreasonforreturningto

academiamid-careerwastotakeadvantageofthe