1b money choice and oppotunity cost production possibility frontiersas chapter1b金钱选择机会成本生产可能性边界.pptxVIP

1b money choice and oppotunity cost production possibility frontiersas chapter1b金钱选择机会成本生产可能性边界.pptx

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BasicEconomicIdeas:

Money,

OpportunityCostand

ProductionPossibilityFrontiers

ASECONOMICSChapter1

TheEconomicProblemUnlimitedWantsScarceResources–Land,Labour,CapitalResourceUseChoices

TheEconomicProblemWhatgoodsandservicesshouldaneconomyproduce?–shouldtheemphasisbeonagriculture,manufacturingorservices,shoulditbeonsportandleisureorhousing?Howshouldgoodsandservicesbeproduced?–labourintensive,landintensive,capitalintensive?Efficiency?Whoshouldgetthegoodsandservicesproduced?–evendistribution?morefortherich?forthosewhoworkhard?

OpportunityCostDefinition–thecostexpressedintermsofthenextbestalternativesacrificedHelpsusviewthetruecostofdecisionmakingImpliesvaluingdifferentchoices

Studyorwork?Youhavealreadyansweredthisquestion,butdidyouanalysethisprobleminthesamewayasaneconomistwould?Theproblemis;Whatdeterminesthedemandforeducation?Whatarethevariablesweneedforthismodel?5

OpportunityCostLet’slookatsomefactorsinthisquestion:Cost;howmuchwilleducationcost?Return;howmuchisitworthtoyou–orwhatwillgetforyoureducation?Whereisthescarcityinthisproblem?ForQ3thescarcethingsarejobsandhighlyskilledpeople.

ThecostofeducationHowmuchisauniversitydegree?RMB1,000,000?Whataboutthealternativetoeducation;work?Howmuchwouldyouearnifyouwentstraighttowork?ThisiscalledtheOpportunityCost7

StudyorWork?continued8

Anyotherfactors?EducationasInvestmentLoseenowforgreatereinthefuture!ANDConsumptionvalue;Gettingoutofbedat10amgoingtotwolecturesandthenhometowatchTV–betterthanworking,right?9

ProductionPossibilityFrontiersShowthedifferentcombinationsofgoodsandservicesthatcanbeproducedwithagivenamountofresourcesNo‘ideal’pointonthecurveAnypointinsidethecurve–suggestsresourcesarenotbeingutilisedefficientlyAnypointoutsidethecurv

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