内容成果william课件.pptx

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WilliamStallings

ComputerOrganization

andArchitecture

7thEditionChapter1

Introduction

COMP212Lecture2(Chapt1-3)2Computer

ArchitectureOrganizationArchitecture:Thecomponentsandtheinterconnection(attributes)ofacomputerthatarevisibletotheprogrammerInstructionset,numberofbitsusedfordatarepresentation,I/Omechanisms,addressingtechniques.e.g.Isthereamultiplication(?)instruction?Organization:ImplementationoftheattributesControlsignals,interfaces,memorytechnology,speede.g.Isthereahardwaremultiplyunitorisitdonebyrepeatedaddition?Technologyhasimpactonboth

COMP212Lecture2(Chapt1-3)3Architecturevs.Organization:examplesSameArchitectureexamplesAllIntelx86familysharethesamebasicarchitectureTheIBMSystem/370familysharethesamebasicarchitectureThisgivescodecompatibilityAtleastbackwardcompatibility(e.g.P4isbackwardcompatibletoP3)DifferentOrganizationsbetweendifferentversionsDifferentchipspeed,differentconfigurations,andsometimesevendifferentconnections

COMP212Lecture2(Chapt1-3)4StructureFunctionsStructure:referstothewayinwhichcomponentsarerelated(connected)toeachotherFunctions:referstotheoperationsofindividualcomponentsaspartofthestructureExample:Printerhasfixedfunctions,butitcanbeconnectedorcontroledbythesystemthroughCPU,ormemorydirectmethod,etc..

COMP212Lecture2(Chapt1-3)5Structure-TopLevelComputerMainMemoryInputOutputSystemsInterconnectionPeripheralsCommunicationlinesCentralProcessingUnit(CPU)Computer

COMP212Lecture2(Chapt1-3)6Structure-TheCPUComputerArithmeticandLogicUnit(ALU)ControlUnitInternalCPUInterconnectionRegistersCPUI/OMemorySystemBusCPU

COMP212Lecture2(Chapt1-3)7Structure-TheControlUnitCPUControlMemory(Memory)ControlUnitRegistersandDecoders(CPU)SequencingLogic(Timing)ControlUnitALURegistersInternalBusControlUnitI/OandInterruptcontrol

COMP212Lect

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