计算机算术章无除法complecture02讲座.pdfVIP

ArithmeticLogicUnit(ALU)

◼Itisthe“calculating”brain

◼Everythingelseinthecomputeristo

servethisunit

◼Handlesintegersandothernumbers

◼MayhaveaseparateFPU(mathco-

processorforfloating-point)

MayhaveaseparateonchipFPU(486DX+)

◼Logicaloperationsonothertypesofdata

ALUcarriesoutdataprocessing,data

movement,anddatamanagementunderthe

controlofthecurrentinstructionsintheCPU2

ALU’sInputsandOutputs

COMP212Lecture23

NumberRepresentation(1):

Sign-MagnitudeNumbers

◼Usetheleftmostdigittorepresentsign:signdigit

Signdigit=0,Positive;Signdigit=1,Negative

Positive0n-1

SignMagnitude

Negative1

◼Drawbacks

Additionandsubtractionneedtoconsidersignandmagnitude.

Tworepresentationof0(+0:0000;-0:1000)

Complicatedcircuitandcomputationallyexpensive

◼RarelyusedinALU

◼Question:Forannbitsystem,howmanydifferent

numberscanasignmagnitudesystemrepresent?

COMP212Lecture24

NumberRepresentation(2):

Two’sComplement

◼Givennnumberofbinarypositions(bits)

◼BasicRules:

1.Positivenumbers(andzero)arerepresentedinthe

samefashionasinasignmagnitudenumbers:

0d,…dd:00,…00to01,…11

n-210n-210n-210

Valuesfrom:0to(2n-1-1),howmany?

2.Negativenumbersarerepresentedasthe

complementofthecorrespondingpositivenumber

1d,…dd:10,…00to11,…11

n-210n-21