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OzoneLayer
andExtinctionofSpecies
ContentsOzonelayerdepletionExtinctionofspeciesandlossofbiodiversity
OzoneLayerDepletion
SourceofozoneConsistedof3oxygenatoms,unlikeordinaryoxygenmolecule(whichhas2atoms).Ithasabluishcolour.
DualroleofOzoneAtneargroundlevel,ozoneisanairpollutant.Evenatalowconcentration(ppm),itisirritatingtorespiratorysystem.Itisstronglyoxidizing,andisnowcommonlyusedinsterilizationofwater.ItspresenceinthestratosphereisvitaltolifeonEarthasitcanabsorbharmfulultra-violetradiation(knownasUVB,wavelength270-315nm)fromsunlight.
StructureofAtmosphere
Source:NASA
FormationofOzoneinstratosphereO2+(radiation240nm)→2OO2+O+M→O3+MMoleculeMcarriestheenergyofthereactionbutremainunchanged.
DestructionofOzone(I)Ozonecanbedestroyedbyanumberoffreeradicalcatalysts,themostimportantofwhicharethehydroxylradical(OH·),thenitricoxideradical(NO·)andatomicchlorine(Cl·)andbromine(Br·).Humanactivityhasdramaticallyincreasedthechlorineandbromine.Theseelementsarefoundincertainstableorganiccompounds,especiallychlorofluorocarbons(CFCs),whichmayfindtheirwaytothestratospherewithoutbeingdestroyedinthetroposphereduetolowreactivity.Onceinthestratosphere,theClandBratomsareliberatedfromtheparentcompoundsbytheactionofultravioletlight,andcandestroyozonemoleculesthroughavarietyofcatalyticcycles.
DestructionofOzone(II)Cl+O3→ClO+O2ClO+O→Cl+O2InsumO3+O→O2+O2=Increaserateofrecombinationofoxygen,leadingtoanoveralldecreaseintheamountofozone.
OzoneholeinSeptember2006“Largestholeintherecord.”~SizeofNorthAmericaSource:NASA
ConcentrationOzoneinAntarcticregion
ConsequencesofOzonedepletionSincetheozonelayerabsorbsUVBultravioletlightfromtheSun,ozonelayerdepletionisexpectedtoincreasesurfaceUVBlevels.Pos
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