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EdCornforthPublicFinancesandTaxOptions
EdCornforth
PublicFinancesandTaxOptions
AbouttheNationalInstituteofEconomicandSocialResearch
TheNationalInstituteofEconomicandSocialResearchisBritainslongestestablishedindependentresearchinstitute,foundedin1938.Thevisionofourfounderswastocarryoutresearchtoimproveunderstandingoftheeconomicandsocialforcesthataffectpeople’slives,andthewaysinwhichpolicycanbringaboutchange.Overeightyyearslater,thisremainscentraltoNIESR’sethos.Wecontinuetoapplyourexpertiseinbothquantitativeandqualitativemethodsandourunderstandingofeconomicandsocialissuestocurrentdebatesandtoinfluencepolicy.TheInstituteisindependentofallparty-politicalinterests.
NuffieldFoundation
WearegratefultotheNuffieldFoundationfortheirsupportinfundingthiswork.TheNuffieldFoundationisanindependentcharitabletrustwithamissiontoadvanceeducationalopportunityandsocialwellbeing.Itfundsresearchthatinformssocialpolicy,primarilyineducation,welfareandjustice.TheNuffieldFoundationisthefounderandco-funderoftheNuffieldCouncilonBioethics,theNuffieldFamilyJusticeObservatoryandtheAdaLovelaceInstitute.
NationalInstituteofEconomicandSocialResearch2DeanTrenchSt
LondonSW1P3HE
T:+44(0)2072227665
E:enquiries@niesr.ac.ukniesr.ac.uk
Registeredcharityno.306083
ThisbriefingwasfirstpublishedinMay2024
?NationalInstituteofEconomicandSocialResearch2024
Contents
TOC\o1-2\h\z\uOverview 4
KeyPoints 4
TheStateofPublicFinances 5
RiskstotheFiscalPosition 7
WhydoDebtsandDeficitsMatter? 8
PoliciestoImprovetheFiscalPosition 11
ShouldtheGovernmentIncreaseTaxorCutSpending? 11
WhatAreaofExpenditurehastheBiggestEconomicImpact? 13
WhatdoweMeanbyGovernmentInvestment? 17
WhatTaxhastheBiggestEconomicImpact? 18
AlternativeInstruments 19
Conclusion 21
References
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