2025年高考英语一轮复习语法知识必备06.定语从句.pptx

定语从句

考点1关系代词引导的定语从句【考题再现】①(2024·郑州模拟)Itisanewmilestoneforthecountry’sshipbuildingindustrybecauseitmarksanendtothetime_____Chinacouldn’tdesignandconstructlargecruiseshipsindependently.②(2024·雅礼中学模拟)Eventually,thefamilycalledforhelpfromthepolice_________arrivedwithasearchandrescuedognamedLuketolookforthechild.③(2024·马鞍山模拟)Thelastthreeyearshavebeenthewarmestonrecord,_______posesexceptionalchallengesglobally.thatwho/thatwhich

【要点归纳】关系代词一览表关系代词先行词句法功能who人主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语whom人宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)whose(=ofwhom/ofwhich)人或物定语that人或物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语which物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)as人或物主语、宾语、表语

1.限制性定语从句中,当先行词表示事物时,只用that不用which的情况(1)先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等不定代词时。IfIrunintoanythingthatmightinterestyou,I’llsendittoyou.WecannotsaynonethatwesawonTVweretrue.(2)先行词被theonly,any,few,no,very等修饰时。Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns.

(3)先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词或被形容词的最高级、序数词修饰时。Thatisthebestfilmthathaseverbeenshownsofarinthecity.WhenitcomestoJinan,thefirstthatcomestomindisthespringwater.(4)先行词既有人又有物时。Mymotherandheroldfriendstalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.(5)主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?

2.只用which不用that的情况(1)关系代词前有介词时。Thisisthereferencebookofwhichtheteacherisspeaking.(2)引导非限制性定语从句时。Crusoe’sdog,whichwasveryold,becameillanddied.

3.引导非限制性定语从句的as与which关系代词位置不同含义不同as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,有时还可插入主句中意为“正如……”,后面的谓语动词多用see,know,expect,say,mention,report等which引导的非限制性定语从句通常放在主句之后意为“这一点”或“这件事”等

Asisknowntoall,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.

【要点巩固】①(2024·泸州模拟)In2016,ZhangwasgiventheRomer-SimpsonLifetimeAchievementAward,_______isthehighestprizeinvertebratepa