原创力文档- 1、本文档共16页，可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
FactorAvailabilityFactorProportionsWeek3
2IncreasingMC: Increasingamountsofotherproductsmust begivenuptoobtaineachextraunitofthe expandingoutputBowed-outPPC(seeFig.3.1)
3InternationalEquilibriumwithIncreasingCostsNextwewillextendtheclassicalmodeloftradetothemoregeneralcaseofincreasingopportunitycostsandintroducedemandbymeansofsocialindifferencecurvesIncreasingOpportunityCostFoodClothingPPFIndifferenceMapandConsumerEquilibriumFoodClothingI’’I’I’’’a)Productspecificfactors.b)Differentindustriesusefactorsindifferentproportions.
4
5
6ReasonsforbowedoutPPC:DifferentproductsrequiredifferentproportionsofresourcesCountrieshavedifferentrelativefactorendowments(less/moresuitable)
7pletespecialisationQ: Whatproductioncombinationischosen?A: Dependsonthemarketpriceratio(seeFig.3.2)Optimum? MC=P atangencybetweenthePPCandPline theslopeofpriceline=marketPratio)
8CommunityIndifferenceCurves(ICs)RepresentdemandsidefortheproductsICsindicatelevelsofutility,well-being,happiness(seeFig.3.3)ICshowsthevariouscombinationsofconsumptionquantities(wheatandcloth)thatleadtothesamelevelofwell-beingorhappiness.ConsumersareindifferentaboutdifferentpointsofthesameICcurvesastheyofferthesamelevelofwell-being.Optimum?atangencyofacommunityIC(CIC)withthePPC(seeFig.3.4)
9
10
Whentradeoccurs(no-tradepricesbetweencountriesdiffer)?apointoftangencybetweenaCICandthenewpriceline(theslope=theequilibriumworldprice)?optimum(seeFig.3.5,top)11
12
13Theright-angletrianglebetweentheproductionpointandtheconsumptionpointisatradetriangleshowingexportandimportquantitiesforeachcountryTradepatternsaredeterminedbyproduction-sidedifferences?Pratiodifferences?theskewnessinPPCtowardsspecialisationinproduction(CA)?Xs
14
15Gainsfromtrade:Eachcountry
文档评论（0）