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CompostToilets堆肥厕所设计建造2
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.a.9.10.c.1.Flyinginsectsmustbecontrolled.Thecontainermustbevermin-proof,moisture-proof,airtight,andchi1d-proof.Theunitmustcontrolliquidbuildup.Convenientemptyingandhand1inpofthewastematerialisimperative.Massmustbesufficientlyaerated,preferablywithaconstantwarmairflowofover66O~.Roomshouldhavenofoulodors.Cwrmodeandroommustbeconducivetocleanandsanitaryconditions.Toiletcapacitymustbewellmatchedtothehouseholdsupply.Theunitmustaccomodateallthewastesofthehouseholdaswellasthewastesofoccasionalvisitors.Theunitmustbepractical,inexpensive,andbuiltfromlocallyavailablematerials.Graphicsclearlyexplainingtheuseandmaintenanceofthetoiletshouldbedisplayedintheroom.BasicDesignsReviewedSlant-BottomDesiqn.ThebestknowncormnercialcomposttoiletistheClivusMultrum;thisisthedesignthatismostoftenemulatedinowner-builtmodels.TheprinciplebehindtheClivusisthatalarge,slopingcollectionchamberreceivesurine,fecesandothertoiletwastethroughthetoiletopening,andkitchenwastesthroughagarbagechute(Figure2.1).FIGURE2.1:SLANT-BOTTOMCOMPOSTTOILETDESIGNThechambertheoreticallyreceivesaconstantsupplyofairthroughanintakeportal.Sometimes,airalsoisdiffusedthroughanairducttopermeatethepile.Aninitialbedofsoilandcellulosematerials,e.g.straw,peatmos5,grassclippings,isnecessarytoprovideanabsorptionmedimforurine,aswellastosupplyorganismsnecessarytodecomposition.14__-,--..._s._-___Thedecompositiongasesandevaporatedliquidsareventedouttheexhauststack.Ittakesthesystematleastoneyeartostabilize,andliquidbuiid-upIsaprevalentproblem.Thechambershouldbeemptiedevery2-4years.Thisdesignraisesaquestionregardingtwochutes(toiletandkitchen).Forthesakeofconvenie
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