章环境与多样性周学习目标schermerhorm chapter 3击剑者.pptx

Chapter3–EnvironmentanddiversityWeek2

EnvironmentanddiversityLearningobjectives:Whatistheexternalenvironmentoforganisations?Whatistheinternalenvironmentandorganisationalculture?Whatisacustomer-drivenorganisation?Whatisaquality-drivenorganisation?Howisdiversitymanagedinamulticulturalorganisation?

EnvironmentandcompetitiveadvantageStrategiccapabilities:Thosethataredifficulttoimitate,areofvaluetothecustomer,andarebetterthanthosepossessedbythemajorityofcompetitors.Dynamiccapabilities:Physical(e.g.state-of-the-artequipmentoradvantageouslocation),organisational(e.g.outstandingsalesforce)andhuman(e.g.expertiseinaspecialisedfield).Acompetitiveadvantageallowsanorganisationtodealwithmarketandenvironmentalforcesbetterthanitscompetitors.

Thegeneralenvironment

Thespecificenvironment

Environmentaluncertainty

InternalenvironmentandorganisationalcultureOrganisationalcultureThesystemofsharedbeliefsandvaluesthatdevelopswithinanorganisationandguidesthebehaviourofitsmembers.Theinternalculturehasthepotentialtoshapeattitudes,reinforcecommonbeliefs,directbehaviourandestablishperformanceexpectationsandthemotivationtofulfilthem.

Levelsoforganisationalculture–(observablecoreculture)

InternalenvironmentandcultureObservablecultureTheelementsofdailyorganisationallifethroughwhichnewmemberslearntheorganisation’scultureandallmembersshareandreinforceitsspecialaspectsovertime.Examplesofobservablecultureinclude:StoriesHeroesRitesandritualsSymbols.

LeadershipandorganisationalcultureAsymbolicleaderusessymbolstoestablishandmaintainadesiredorganisationalculture.Theytalkthe‘language’oftheorganisation,highlighttheobservableculture,andtellkeystoriesrepeatedly.Groupculturedependsonvaluesthatshouldmeetthefollowingcriteria:RelevancePervasiveness(common/general)Strength.

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