轮机英语（二三管轮）Lesson 8 Compressed Air／Starting Air System.ppt

Unit1MainPropulsionPlantLesson8CompressedAir／StartingAirSystem8.1Compressedairsystem8.2StartingairsystemNewWordsandExpressionshydraulically[ha??dr??l?k(?)li]ad.液压地pneumatically[nju(?)?m?t?k(?)li]ad.气动地governor[?ɡ?v?n?(r)]n.调速器distributor[d??str?bj?t?(r)]n.分配器maneuverability[m??nu?v?r??b?l?ti]n.机动性consecutive[k?n?sekj?t?v]a.连续不断的pinion[?p?nj?n]n.齿轮clutch[kl?t?]n.离合器NewWordsandExpressionsscrewdownnon-returnvalve截止止回阀pilotair控制空气，先导空气fusibleplug易熔塞unidirectionalengine单转向发动机，不可倒转发动机interlock[??nt??l?k]n.连锁装置flametrap阻焰器burstingdisk防爆盘screwdownnon-returnvalve截止止回阀8.1CompressedairsystemAtypicalcompressedairsystemisillustratedinFig.8-1.Thethreesegmentsofthesystemprovideairforenginestarting,forinstrumentationandcontrol,andformiscellaneousship’sservices.Someengines,mostlysmallerauxiliaryengines,arestartedbycrankingmotors,whichmaybebattery,hydraulically,pneumatically,ormechanicallydriven.Mostlargerauxiliaryengines,however,aswellasmostpropulsionengines,arestartedbythetimedintroductionofcompressedairdirectlyintothosecylindersthatwerestoppedinpositionscorrespondingtothebeginningoftheirpowerstrokesintheselecteddirectionofrotation.大多数大型副机，当然也包括大多数推进主机都由压缩空气定时地直接进入某些气缸来起动的，这些缸（的活塞）的停止位置位于它们所选转向的做功冲程的始点。8.1CompressedairsystemThecompressedairdrivesthosepistonsdown,infiringordersequence,therebycompressingairtrappedinothercylinders.Asoneormorerevolutionsarecompleted,fuelisintroducedinthenormalmannerintothosecylinderswhosepistonsarecompletingacompressionstroke,whichthenfire.Thestartingairiscutoffandtheengineacceleratestoitsidlespeed,undercontrolofthegovernor.Typically,eachcylinderofanin-lineengineisfittedwithastartingairvalve,butcommonlyonlythecylindersofonebankofaVengineareso