轮机英语（二三管轮）Lesson 14 Marine Refrigeration.ppt

Unit2AuxiliaryMachineryLesson14MarineRefrigerationNewWordsandExpressionsrefrigeration[r??fr?d???re??n]n.冷藏，制冷isentropic[,a?sentr?p?k]a.等熵的adiabatic[e?da??b?t?k]a.绝热的，隔热的enthalpy[enθ(?)lp?;enθ?lp?]n.焓，热焓halogenate[h?l?d??ne?t]v.卤化hydrocarbon[?ha?dr??kɑ?b?n]n.碳氢化合物，烃bellows[?bel??z]n.波纹管Veg[ved?]n.蔬菜NewWordsandExpressionscompressor[k?m?pres?(r)]n.压缩机diverter[da?v??t?]n.转向器，分流器thermostat[?θ??m?st?t]n.温度调节装置defrost[di??fr?st]v.结霜condenser[k?n?dens?(r)]n.冷凝器extract[?ekstr?kt]v.提取equivalent[??kw?v?l?nt]n.等价于onboard[??nb??d]a.船上NewWordsandExpressionssaturation[?s?t???re??n]n.饱和restrict[r??str?kt]v.限制evacuation[??v?kju?e??n]n.撤离，疏散overcharge[???v??t?ɑ?d?]v.过充delicate[?del?k?t]a.精致的insulation[??nsju?le??n]n.绝缘lagging[l?g??]a.滞后的expansionvalve膨胀阀NewWordsandExpressionsbalanceline平衡管solenoidValve电磁阀troubleshoot故障Thebasicvapor-compressionrefrigerationcycleisshowninFig.14-1.Fourmajorthermalprocessestakeplace:evaporation,compression,condensationandexpansion.RefrigerationcycleEvaporation(A-B)isisobaricheatabsorptionintheevaporator.Thegaseousescapeofmoleculesfromthesurfaceofaliquidandisaccomplishedbytheabsorptionofaconsiderablequantityofheatwithoutanychangeintemperature.EvaporationCompressionThisistheprocess(B-C)ofisentropiccompressioninthecompressor(frictionlessadiabaticcompressioninidealcycle),usingshaftworkofacompressortoraisethepressureoftherefrigerantvaporobtainedfromtheevaporator(B到C是压缩机中发生的一个等熵压缩过程（理想循环是无摩擦绝热压缩），压缩机的轴功率被用来提高蒸发器出来的制冷蒸汽的压力).Theadditionoftheheatmayplayaroleinraisingthepressure.Increasingthegaspressureraisestheboilingandcondensingtemperatureoftherefrigerant.Thisisaprocess(C-D)ofisobaricheatremovalincondenser.Thehigh-pressuregaseousrefrigerant,whichcarriestheheatenergyabsorb