2023年3月25日雅思考试机经-阅读.docx

2023年3月25日雅思￡纸笔考试￡机考

考试概述：

本场考试三篇，一旧两新，难度高。第一篇科学研究，难度中规中矩；第二篇澳大利亚原住民，关于澳大利亚的话题属于雅思的常考话题，之前考过考拉和灭绝的动物，考生可以平时有意识地多读相关的材料，积累背景知识；第三篇老题，从2022年开始已经考过三次（2022/8/6，2022/12/17，2023/2/25），这次是第四次考，如果之前看过烤鸭回忆的同学有福了。

二、具体题目分析：

PassageOne：

文章题材：说明文（科学）

文章题目：科学研究

文章难度：★★★

题型及数量：判断+填空

题目及答案：

*本文非原文，但是题材很接近，建议考生以本文练手，掌握此话题的相关知识点和词汇~

Thescientificmethod

A-KarlPopper’sclaimthatthescientificmethodishypothetico-deductive

‘Hypotheses,’saidMedawarin1964,‘areimaginativeandinspirationalincharacter’;theyare‘adventuresofthemind’.HewasarguinginfavourofthepositiontakenbyKarlPopperinTheLogicofScientificDiscovery(1972,3rdedition)thatthenatureofscientificmethodishypothetico-deductiveandnot,asisgenerallybelieved,inductive.

B

Itisessentialthatyou,asanintendingresearcher,understandthedifferencebetweenthesetwointerpretationsoftheresearchprocesssothatyoudonotbecomediscouragedorbegintosufferfromafeelingof‘cheating’ornotgoingaboutittherightway.

C-Explainingtheinductivemethod

Themythofscientificmethodisthatitisinductive:thattheformulationofscientifictheorystartswiththebasic,rawevidenceofthesenses-simple,unbiased,unprejudicedobservation.Outofthesesensorydata-commonlyreferredtoas‘facts’—generalisationswillform.Themythisthatfromadisorderlyarrayoffactualinformationanorderly,relevanttheorywillsomehowemerge.However,thestartingpointofinductionisanimpossibleone.

D-Theroleofhypothesesinscientificresearch

Thereisnosuchthingasanunbiasedobservation.Everyactofobservationwemakeisafunctionofwhatwehaveseenorotherwiseexperiencedinthepast.Allscientificworkofanexperimentalorexploratorynaturestartswithsomeexpectationabouttheoutcome.Thisexpectationisahypothesis.Hypothesesprovidetheinitiativeandincentivefortheinquiryandinfluencethemethod.Itisinthelightofanexpectation