中国历史简介公开课获奖课件百校联赛一等奖课件.pptx

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中国历史简介公开课获奖课件百校联赛一等奖课件.pptx

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ChinaOverview:

ABriefHistoryofChineseDynasties?StudentHandouts,Inc.

GeographyofChinaLargerthantheUnitedStatesClimatevariesNorthTemperateandcoldSouthSubtropicalErosionFloodsanddroughtsImportantriversHwangho(YellowRiver)–northYangtzeRiver–centralChinaEnclosedbyhighmountains,hotdeserts,wideoceans

AncientHistoryBy4000BCEVillagesettlementsalongHwanghoRiverFarming,stonetools,weapons(bowandarrow),animaldomestication,potteryCirca1500BCEPicturewriting(oldestwritinginexistence)Nowcirca40,000characters

Whataredynasties?Adynastyisaseriesofrulersfromthesamefamily.Historically,royalrulewasdescendedfromfathertoson.DYNASTICCYCLEEmperorcomestopowerandgainstheMandateofHeaven.Upwardrise(wealthandpopulationincrease)topeak.Downwardspiral(naturaldisasters,corruption,etc.).EmperorlosestheMandateofHeaven.Civilwaruntilanewemperor,withtheMandateofHeaven,comestopower.MANDATEOFHEAVEN–DescribedbyphilosopherMenciusBeliefthattheemperorwaschosenbyheaventorule.

XIA(a.k.a.HSIA)DYNASTY

(ca.2070-ca.1600BCE)China’sfirstdynastyFoundedbyYuBuiltroadsandirrigationprojects

ShangDynasty

(ca.1600-1046BCE)WritingbeganDevelopedbronze,glazedpottery,andsilkindustries

Zhou(a.k.a.Chou)Dynasty

(1045-256BCE)InvadedChinafromthenorthwestSetupaloosecentralgovernmentFeudalpowerheldbystrongnoblesPhilosophersConfuciusMencius(hisfollower)

Qin(a.k.a.Chin)Dynasty

(221-206BCE)MilitarydictatorshipcentralizedChinaEmperorShihHuangTiDestroyednobles’feudalpowerSystemoftaxationEstablishedweightsandmeasuresGreatWall(1500miles)

HanDynasty

(206-220CE)ConquerorsEmpire–centralAsiatoChinaSea,IndochinatoKoreaTradeChinesefruits,silks,andspicesinRome(1stcenturyCE)BuddhismcamefromIndiaCivilservicesystemFirstpapermade

TangDynasty

(618-906CE)400yearsofwarfarebetweenHanandTangdynastiesTangreunitedChinaT’a