爱默生英文简介.docx

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爱默生英文简介.docx

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RalphWaldoEmersonwasanAmericanessayist,lecturer,philosopher,andpoetwholedtheTranscendentalistmovementofthemid19thcentury.HewasbornonMay25,1803,inBoston,Massachusetts,anddiedonApril27,1882,inConcord,Massachusetts.Emersonsworksareknownfortheirintellectualdepth,moralfervor,andpoeticbeauty.HeisconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialfiguresinAmericanliteratureandthought.

EmersonsearlyeducationwasatHarvardUniversity,whereheearnedaBachelorsdegreein1821andaMastersdegreein1826.HewasordainedasaUnitarianministerin1829andservedasthepastoroftheSecondChurchinBostonuntil1832.Duringthistime,hebegantoquestionthetraditionalCalvinisttheologyandtheauthorityofthechurch.

In1832,EmersontraveledtoEurope,wherehemetmanyleadingintellectuals,includingThomasCarlyle,WilliamWordsworth,andSamuelTaylorColeridge.Theseencountershadaprofoundimpactonhisthinkingandwriting.UponhisreturntotheUnitedStates,heresignedfromtheministryandbeganacareerasalecturerandwriter.

Emersonsfirstbook,Nature,waspublishedin1836andlaidthefoundationforhisTranscendentalistphilosophy.Hearguedthatindividualsshouldtrusttheirownintuitionandthatthenaturalworldisamanifestationofthedivine.Healsobelievedintheinherentgoodnessofhumanityandtheimportanceofselfreliance.

EmersonsmostfamousessaysincludeSelfReliance,TheAmericanScholar,andTheDivinitySchoolAddress.Theseworksemphasizetheimportanceofindividualism,creativity,andthepursuitoftruth.EmersonsideashadasignificantimpactonmanyAmericanwritersandthinkers,includingHenryDavidThoreau,WaltWhitman,andMargaretFuller.

Inadditiontohisessays,Emersonalsowrotepoetry,includingTheRhodoraandBrahma.Hispoetryisknownforitslyricalbeautyanditsexplorationofspiritualthemes.Emersonsinfluenceextendedbeyondtheliterarywor