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植被对水土流失和水源涵养的影响
Verticalvegetationstructures;Plantdiversity;VegetationspatialdistributionMultidimensionalanalysisoftheeffectsofvegetationonrunoffandsoilloss(CrockfordandRichardson,2000;Lietal.,2014;Quintonetal.,1997;Janssensetal.,1998;Martinetal.,2010;Puigdefabregas,2005;Bochetetal.,1998;Fengetal.,2012;Luetal.,2012;Liuetal.,2018;)
EFFECTSOFVEGETATIONINMINIMIZINGEROSIONAbsorbs the energy offallingrain;Removes water from soilandtranspiresitintotheair;Roots hold surface soil andstabilizebankmaterials;Helpsthegroundtoabsorbwater;Slows the runoff velocityandtrapssediment.
Questions discussedinthisresearch:1. How does the vegetation coverage andlitter coverage influence soilprocess? What is the dynamicof soil water infiltrationerosionprocessduringrainfall?2. Theregulationmechanismofvegetationcoverageonsoilerosion?
MethodsMeasuringexperimentalindexesGrass:CarexShrub:TwigsoftheCHASTETreeRunoffbucketPreconditionofexperiment RainfallsimulationexperimentVegetationcoverage/LittercoverageRainfallintensity:60mm/hDurationofrainfall:60minSlope：15°
VegetationCoverage:0,25%,50%,75%,100%;LitterCoverage:0,50,100,150，200,250g/m2ControlconditionMethods
1000800600400200012000 1020304050Surfacerunoffrate(mL/min)60Time025%50%75%100%Fig.1DynamicchangesofsurfacerunoffrateandsedimentrateunderdifferentvegetationcoverageconditionsSlopeRunoffandSedimentProcessSedimentrate(g/min)20.0018.0016.0014.0012.0010.008.006.004.002.00Time0.000102030405060025%50%75%100%110010009008007006005004003002001000SurfaceRunoff(ml/min)Time/min0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 650g50g100g150g200g250gFig.2DynamicchangesofsurfacerunoffrateandsedimentrateunderdifferentLittercoverageconditionsEffectsofvegetationandlittercoverageonsoilerosionprocess
1.201.000.800.600.400.200.00Infiltrationrate(mm/min)0 10 20 30 40 50 60Durat
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