(完整版)动词过去式及过去分词变化规则.doc

动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

Ⅰ.?规则变化:

1.?一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked,?work—worked

2.?以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved,?dance—danced

3.?以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried,?study—studied

4.?以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结

尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped,?permit—permitted

注：A.?以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,

双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled(美)?/travelled(英)?。

B.?特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked

（交易,在…通行）另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)

C.?读音与说明:

①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]:?helped,?liked,?finished,?fetched,?stopped,?clapped

②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]:?believed,?changed,?planned,?preferred,?followed,?stayed

③.-ed在[t]、[d]?后发音为[id]:?wanted,?needed,?admitted,?permitted?

=2\*ROMANII.不规则动词表:

(1)AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）

cost（花费）costcostshutshutshut

cut（割）cutcutspitspit/spatspit/spat(英)

hit（打）hithithurt伤害）hurthurt

let（让）letletput（放）putput

read（读）readread

(2)AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）

beat（跳动）beatbeaten

(3)ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）

become（变成）becamebecomeawakeawokeawoken

come（来）camecomerun（跑）ranrun

(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）

dig（挖）dugdugbuildbuiltbuilt

get（得到）gotgot/gottencatchcaughtcaught

hang（吊死）hangedhangeddealdealtdealt

hang（悬挂）hunghungfeedfedfed

hold（抓住）heldheldfindfoundfound

shine（照耀）shoneshoneforbidforbade/forbadforbidden

sit（坐）satsatpaypaidpaid

win（赢）wonwonsendsentsent

meet（遇见）metmetshootshotshot

keep（保持）keptkepttelltoldtold

sleep（睡）sleptsleptwinwonwon

sweep（扫）sweptsweptfeel（感觉）feltfelt

smell（闻）smelt/sm