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Topic7:PulseWidthModulationTechniquesforVoltage-FedInvertersECE8830-ElectricDrives
IntroductionWhilethe3?6-stepinverterofferssimplecontrolandlowswitchingloss,lowerorderharmonicsarerelativelyhighleadingtohighdistortionofthecurrentwave(unlesssignificantfilteringisperformed).PWMinverteroffersbetterharmoniccontroloftheoutputthan6-stepinverter.
PWMPrincipleThedcinputtotheinverteris“chopped”byswitchingdevicesintheinverter.Theamplitudeandharmoniccontentoftheacwaveformiscontrolledbythedutycycleoftheswitches.Thefundamentalvoltagev1hasmax.amplitude=4Vd/?forasquarewaveoutputbutbycreatingnotches,theamplitudeofv1isreduced(seenextslide).
PWMPrinciple(cont’d)
PWMTechniquesVariousPWMtechniques,include:SinusoidalPWM(mostcommon)SelectedHarmonicElimination(SHE)PWMSpace-VectorPWMInstantaneouscurrentcontrolPWMHysteresisbandcurrentcontrolPWMSigma-deltamodulation
SinusoidalPWMThemostcommonPWMapproachissinusoidalPWM.Inthismethodatriangularwaveiscomparedtoasinusoidalwaveofthedesiredfrequencyandtherelativelevelsofthetwowavesisusedtocontroltheswitchingofdevicesineachphaselegoftheinverter.
SinusoidalPWM(cont’d)Single-Phase(Half-Bridge)InverterImplementation
SinusoidalPWM(cont’d) whenva0vTT+on;T-off;va0=?Vdva0vTT-on;T+off;va0=-?Vd
SinusoidalPWM(cont’d)
SinusoidalPWM(cont’d)Definitionofterms:Trianglewaveformswitchingfreq.=fc(alsocalledcarrierfreq.)Controlsignalfreq.=f(alsocalledmodulationfreq.)Amplitudemodulationratio,m=Vp VTFrequencymodulationratio,mf(P)=fc/f PeakamplitudeofcontrolsignalPeakamplitudeoftrianglewave
SinusoidalPWM(cont’d)Harm
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