中英-高级英语1-何兆熊-Unit-1---Chinese-Humanism.pdf

中英-高级英语1-何兆熊-Unit-1Chinese-Humanism

Unit1ChineseHumanism

1.TounderstandtheChineseidealoflifeonemusttryto

understandChinesehumanism.Thetermhumanismis

ambiguous.Chinesehumanism,however,hasaverydefinite

meaning.Itimplies,firstajustconceptionoftheendsofhuman

life;secondly,acompletedevotiontotheseends;andthethirdly,

theattainmentoftheseendsbythespiritofhuman

reasonablenessortheDoctrineoftheGoldenMean,Whichmay

alsobecalledtheReligionofcommonsense.

要了解中国人的人生理想，就必须先了解中国的人文主义。“人文主义”

这个词含义模糊含混，然而中国的人文主义却有它明确的界说。它的意思是：

第一，对人生目的的确切认识；第二，为实现这一目的而行动；第三，实现的

方式是心平气和，即中庸之道，也可称作“庸见的崇拜”。

2.ThequestionofthemeaningoflifehasperplexedWestern

philosophers,andithasneverbeensolved-naturally,whenone

startsoutfromthetechnologicalpointofview,accordingto

whichallthings,includingmosquitoesandtyphoidgerms,are

createdforthegoodofthiscocksurehumanity.Asthereis

usuallytoomuchpainandmiseryinthislifetoallowaperfect

answertosatisfymanspride,teleologyisthereforecarriedover

tothenextlife,andthisearthlylifeisthenlookeduponasa

preparationforthelifehereafter,inconformitywiththelogicof

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中英-高级英语1-何兆熊-Unit-1Chinese-Humanism

Socrates,whichlookeduponaferociouswifeasanatural

provisionforthetrainingofthehusbandscharacter.Thiswayof

dodgingthehomesofthedilemmasometimesgivespeaceof

mindforamoment,butthentheeternalquestion,“whatisthe

meaningoflife?”comesback.Others,likeNietzsche,takethe

bullbythehornsandrefusetoassumethatlifemusthavea

meaningandbelievethatprogressisinacircle,andhuman