河南省濮阳市2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

高级中学名校试卷

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河南省濮阳市2024-2025学年高三上学期

期中考试英语试题

第一部分．阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

LouisPasteuroncesaid,“Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.”That’sthetruthbehindthefollowinginventions—thescientistswerepreparedandwereabletoseethemagicinamistake.

Mauve

In1856,WilliamPerkinwastryingtocomeupwithanartificialmedicine,buthisexperimentsproducedathickmess.ButthemorePerkinlookedatit,themorehesawabeautifulcolorinhismess.Turnsouthehadmademauve,thefirst-eversyntheticdye(合成染料),whichwasfarbetterthananynaturaldyes:thecolorwasbrighter,clearer,anddidn’tfadeorwashout.

Superglue

Thissuper-stickysubstancewasdiscoveredbyaccident—twice!ChemistHarryCooverhadbeenattemptingtomakeclearplasticgunsights,andin1942onemethodhetestedproducedanextremelyquickbondingadhesive(黏合剂).Itwasuselessforhisgunsights,though,andheforgotaboutituntilalmosttenyearslater,whenhecameacrossitagainwhiledevelopingheat-resistantpartsforairplanes.Thistimeherealiseditspotential,andtheproductwasputonthemarket.

Plastic

In1907,shellac(虫胶)wasusedinelectronics.Itwascostly,soAmericanchemistLeoHendrikBaekelandtriedtoproduceanalternative.Instead,hisexperimentsproducedamaterialthatcouldtakehightemperatures.Helaterdevelopeditintoplastic,anditwassoonusedintheproductionofalmosteverything.

Teflon

Backinthe1930s,YoungDuPontchemistRoyPlunkettwasworkingtomakeanewkindofCFCforrefrigeration.Afterstoringthegasincertaincontainers,heopenedonetodiscoverthatithadchangedintoawhitepowderthatwasextremelystickyandhadaveryhighmeltingpoint.Threeyearslater,thesubstance,whichwasnamedTeflon,waspatented.

1.Whichinventioncameoutearliest?

A.Mauve. B.Superglue. C.Plastic. D.Teflon.

2.Whorecognizedthevalueofhisoriginal