主语从句和同位语从句.ppt

主语从句

主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。常用来引导主语从句的关联词有:who,whom,which,what,when,where,why,how,what,who,which,,whether等及whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever,whenever,wherever,Whatshedidisnotyetknown.Whoheisdoesn’tconcernme.Howtheprisonersescapedisacompletelymystery.Whoeveryouareisnotallowedtoentertheroomatthemoment.What与that在引导主语从句时的区别

what在引导名词性从句时，既起引导一个从句的作用，又在该名词性从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成份。而that则不充当句子的任何成分。如：Whatisneededisachangeinlandownership.(what作主语从句的主语)所需要的是变更土地所有制。Thattheearthmovesaroundthesunisknowntoall.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.(that只起到引导词的作用,在句子中不充当任何成分.)It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。用it作形式主语的结构有:Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.

Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.1.Itis＋名词＋从句Itisafactthat…事实是…

Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸…

Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识…3.it＋不及物动词＋从句Itisnaturalthat…很自然…

Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…

Itseemsthat…似乎…

Ithappenedthat…碰巧…4.it＋is+过去分词＋从句Itisreportedthat…据报道…

Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…

Itissaidthat…据说….Itisbelievedthat…据信…itis＋形容词＋从句1同位语从句对于名词(多为抽象名词如2news,idea,fact,decision,request,suggestion,question)进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如3同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句.1.同位语从句的功能四．同位语从句1)Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词面,而是被别的词隔开。例如：2.同位语在句子中的位置HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时又在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。ThenewsthathehasbeenadmittedtoBejingUniversityisveryexciting.(同位语从句,that不做句子成分.)Thenewsthathereportedyesterdayisveryexciting.(定语从句,that在从句中做reported的宾语.)2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）Then