《水处理技术（双语）》课件——污水处理消毒剂知识.pptxVIP

Knowledgeofdisinfectantsforwastewatertreatment污水处理消毒剂知识

一、消毒剂的选择I.Selectionofdisinfectants废水经一级或二级处理后，水质改善，细菌含量也大幅度减少，但其绝对值仍很可观，并有存在病原菌的可能。Afterprimaryorsecondarytreatmentofwastewater,thewaterqualityimprovesandthebacterialcontentisreducedsignificantly,butitsabsolutevalueisstillconsiderableandthereisthepossibilityofpathogenicbacteria.因此，废水排入水体前应进行消毒处理。Therefore,wastewatershouldbedisinfectedbeforebeingdischargedintowaterbodies.目前，用氯化法消毒能产生有害物质，影响人体健康已广为人知，Itisnowwidelyknownthatdisinfectionbychlorinationcanproduceharmfulsubstancesthatcanaffecthumanhealth.这是因为氯与水中有机物作用，同时有氧化和取代作用，Thisisbecausechlorineactswithorganicmatterinwater,bothbyoxidationandsubstitution,氧化作用可以促使去除有机物，而取代作用则是氯与有机物结合，形成了有致突变或致癌活性的卤化物。Whilesubstitutionisthecombinationofchlorineandorganicmatter,forminghalideswithmutagenicorcarcinogenicactivity

一、消毒剂的选择I.Selectionofdisinfectants各种消毒剂的优缺点和适用条件Advantages,disadvantagesandconditionsofapplicationofvariousdisinfectants

二、消毒剂的种类及特点II.Typesandcharacteristicsofdisinfectants常用的消毒剂有次氯酸类、二氧化氯、臭氧、紫外线辐射等。次氯酸类消毒剂有液氯、漂白粉、漂粉精、氯片、次氯酸钠等形态，主要是通过HOCl起消毒作用。Commonlyuseddisinfectantsincludehypochlorite,chlorinedioxide,ozone,ultravioletradiation,etc.Hypochloritedisinfectantsareintheformofliquidchlorine,bleachingpowder,bleachingsperm,chlorinetablets,sodiumhypochlorite,etc.TheymainlyactasdisinfectantsthroughHOCl.次氯酸类消毒剂的弱点是容易和水中的有机物生成氯代烃，而氯代烃已被确认为是对人体健康极为不利的，同时处理过的水会有一些令人不快的气味。Theweaknessofhypochloritedisinfectantsisthattheytendtoformchlorinatedhydrocarbonswithorganicsubstancesinwater,whichhavebeenidentifiedtobeextremelyharmfultohumanhealth,andtreatedwatercanhavesomeunpleasantodors.

二、消毒剂的种类及特点II.Typesandcharacteristicsofdisinfectants次氯酸类消毒剂粉尘和放出的氯气对人的呼吸道、眼睛及皮肤都有强烈的刺激作用，如果不慎溅入眼睛或触及皮肤，要立即用大量清水冲洗。Hypochloritedisinfectantdustandemittedchlorinegashaveastrongirritatingeffecton