2024—2025学年广东省惠州市惠阳区丰湖高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷.docVIP

2024—2025学年广东省惠州市惠阳区丰湖高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

一、阅读理解

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Herearetheintroductionsandachievementsoffourscientists.

J?nsJacobBerzelius

J?nsJacobBerzeliuswasaSwedishchemist,oftenreferredtoasoneofthefoundersofmodernchemistry.Hedevelopedasystemofchemicalsymbols,whichlaidthefoundationfortheestablishmentofthemodernperiodictable.Berzeliusalsomadeimportantdiscoveriesinthefieldofelectrochemistry.

NielsHenrikDavidBohr

NielsHenrikDavidBohrwasaDanishphysicist.Heproposedtheatomic(原子的)modelknownastheBohrmodel,whichexplainedthebehaviorofelectronsmovinginfixedenergylevelsororbitsaroundtheatomicnucleus.Hismodelhelpedexplainthespectraofelementsandlaidthegroundworkforfurtherdevelopmentsinatomicphysics.

RobertBoyle

RobertBoyle,borninIreland,wasregardedasoneofthefoundersofmodernchemistry,knownforBoyle’slaw.Boyle’slawdescribestherelationshipbetweenthepressureandvolume(体积)ofagasatconstanttemperature.Boyle’sworklaidthefoundationforthemodernunderstandingofgasbehaviorandpromotedthedevelopmentofscientificexperimentalmethods.

WilliamLawrenceBragg

WilliamLawrenceBraggwasaBritishphysicistborninAustraliawhomadesignificantcontributionstoX-raycrystallography(晶体学).TogetherwithhisfatherWilliamHenryBragg,hedevelopedthefamousBragg’slaw.Thisdiscoveryrevolutionizedthefieldofcrystallographyandpavedthewayfordeterminingtheatomicandmolecularstructuresofvarioussubstances,includingDNAandproteins.

1.WhatdowesayaboutJ?nsJacobBerzelius?

A．Heinventedanewchemicalsubstance.

B．Heestablishedthemodernperiodictable.

C．Hewasreferredtoasafounderofmodernphysics.

D．Hemadeimportantachievementsinthefieldofelectrochemistry.

2.WhowasborninIreland?

A．JonsJacobBerzelius.

B．NielsHenrikDavidBohr.

C．RobertBoyle.

D．WilliamL