1运动：附肢骨-PPT课件.pptxVIP

1运动：附肢骨

目的和要求

1.掌握上肢带骨、自由上肢骨、下肢带骨、自由下肢骨的位置和形态及上、下肢骨的重要体表标志。2.了解腕骨、掌骨、指骨及跗骨、跖骨、趾骨的位置和排列。

Theappendicularskeleton(附肢骨）thebriefintroductionIncludesthebonesofupperlimbsandlowerlimbs.Becauseoftheerectstanding,theupperlimbsarefreeandadaptedforthepurposeofprehension,whilethelowerlimbsarespecializedforlocomotion,bearingweight,andmaintainingequilibrium.Sothebonesoflowerlimbaremoremassivethanthoseofupperlimb.

ⅠBonesofupperlimbComposition:Shouldergirdleclavicle锁骨scapula肩胛骨Bonesoffreeupperlimbhumerus肱骨ulna尺骨radius桡骨bonesofhand手骨

Towcurves:“S”shaped,medial2/3convexforwardandlateral1/3convexbackward.Towends:sternalend胸骨端acromialend肩峰端Ⅰ）Shouldergirdle上肢带骨ⅰClavicle锁骨Locatedattheupperandanteriorpartofthethorax

(inferiorview)(superiorview)

ⅱScapula肩胛骨Position:Ontheposterolateralofthethoraxbetweenthesecondandseventhribs.

ⅱScapula肩胛骨TwosurfacesAnteriorsurface:subscapularfossa肩胛下窝Posteriorsurface:spineofscapula肩胛冈supraspinousfossa冈上窝infraspinousfossa冈下窝acromion肩峰Twosurfaces,threeborders,andthreeangles.

ThreebordersSuperiorborder上缘Medialborder内侧缘Lateralborder外侧缘

Superiorborder:scapularnotch肩胛切迹coracoidprocess喙突

Superior:oppositetothe2ndribInferior:oppositetothe7thribor7thintercostalsspaceLateral:glenoidcavity关节盂supra-andinfraglenoidtubercles盂上、下结节Threeangles:SuperiorInferiorLateral

Rightscapula.Lateralsurfaceglenoidcavityinfraglenoidtuberclesupraglenoidtubercle

Ⅱ）BonesoffreeupperlimbⅰThehumerus肱骨Positionofhumeru

anteriorviewposteriorviewUpperend:headofhumerus肱骨头anatomicalneck解剖颈greatertubercle大结节Lessertubercle小结节surgicalneck外科颈ⅰThehumerus肱骨Itconsistsofabodyandtwoends

anteriorviewposteriorviewShaft（thebody）: