肝炎病毒基础知识.ppt

肝炎病毒基础知识

Introduction1.Humanhepatitisviruses?HAV(+ssRNA),HBV(dsDNA),HCV(+ssRNA),HDV(–ssRNA)andHEV(+ssRNA)?HGV(+ssRNA)andTTV(–ssDNA)2.Othervirusesofcausingviralhepatitis(CMV,EBV,Rubellavirus,VZV,Yellowfevervirus,etc.)

*pathogenofhepatitistypeA*classifiedasHepatornaviridae(肝RNA病毒属)甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)HepatitisAvirus

1.Shapeandstructure?sphericalparticle(d=27nm)?icosahedralnucleocapsid?ssRNA(positivestranded)?cancodeforpolyprotein,RNApolymeraseandproteinaseVP1-4?Genome?Nakedvirus↓Cleave4polypeptide(VP1toVP4)↓capsomere→capsidcapsomereⅠ.BiologicalProperties

?infectivemodel(黑猩猩、狨猴、红面猴)?cellculture(原代肝细胞或恒河猴胚肾传代细胞)?stabletotreatmentwithether(乙醚),acid(PH3)andheat(60℃for1hour)?tolerateboilingfor5minutes2.Resistance3.Cultivation(multiplyslowly,non-CPE)?Antigenicityofcapsidprotein:HAV-Ag(onlyoneserotype)

1.Pathogenicity?Sourceofinfection?Routeoftransmission?asymptomaticoronlymildlyill?acutehepatitisofshortincubation?fulminanthepatitisandfavorableprognosis?FeatureofHAV-infectionbyfecal-oralroute(经过粪-口途径传播)罕见暴发性肝炎,预后良好很常见罕见慢肝和携带者Ⅱ.PathogenicityandImmunity

2.Pathogenesis?Immunopathogenesis?DamagecausedbyHAV?VirusinfecesIntestineandlocallymphoidtissueblood(replication)liverbyfecal-oralroute(污染食物和水)经过日常生活接触→散发性肝炎经过污染食物和水→肝炎旳暴发流行

3.Immunity?IgManti-HAV+---recentinfection?antibodytoHAV(IgG---lifetimepersistence)---long-lastingimmunityvirusinblood

Ⅲ.LaboratoryDiagnosis1.Detectionofviralantibody2.Detectionofvirusparticlesinfeces(IEM)?IgManti-HAV（ELISA,早期诊疗）?IgGanti-HAV（ELISA，既往感染/流调）3.DetectionofviralRNAⅣ.SpecificPrevention1.Artificialactiveimmunity2.Artificialpassiveimmunity(vaccine---strainH2)(gammaglobulin）

PathogenofhepatitisBHepatitisBVi