定语从句复习导学案-2025届高三英语二轮复习专项.docxVIP

2025年

专属17班的定语从句复习

一定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。汉语中常用‘……的’表示。

abeautifulcity;fallingleaves;fallenleaves;theboyplayingbasketball;

areadingroom;aswimmingpool.Heisthemanwhoyouarelookingfor.

二：定义及相关术语

1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

3．关系词：关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；

关系副词有when,where,why.

1.Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.

→Ihaveanapplethat/whichisred.先行词关系代词

2.Ilikesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.

→Ilikefriendswholikesports.

3.Ilikemusic.Themusicisquiet.

→Ilikemusicthat/whichisquiet.

关系词的三个作用：A、引导定语从句，连接主从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

（二）关系代词引导的定语从句

1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。

TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.

Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.

2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。

MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.

Thegirl(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.

注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。

Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.

3．Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。

Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.

Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.

4．that即可指人，也可指物.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。

Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.

Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?

Thepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.

5．Whose表示所属关系，“人的”“物的”，在定语从句中做定语。

Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.

Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.

注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：

Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?

Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?

★限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况

1．当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something除外),all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等