PNAS速递：蚂蚁群体规模越大越聪明，人类群体表现可能不如个体 Comparing cooperative geometric puzzle solving in ants versus humans.docx

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PNAS速递：蚂蚁群体规模越大越聪明，人类群体表现可能不如个体 Comparing cooperative geometric puzzle solving in ants versus humans.docx

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PNASECOLOGY

PNAS

OPEN

OPENACCESS

SOCIALSCIENCES

Comparingcooperativegeometricpuzzlesolvinginantsversushumans

TabeaDreyeraID,AmirHalutsbID,AmosKormancID,NirGovbID,EhudFonioa,andOferFeinermana,1ID

EditedbyMarcusFeldman,StanfordUniversity,Stanford,CA;receivedJuly17,2024;acceptedNovember11,2024

Downloadedfromby114.103.239.26onJanuary24,2025fromIPaddress6.Biologicalensemblesusecollectiveintelligencetotacklechallengestogether,butsuboptimalcoordinationcanunderminetheeffectivenessofgroupcognition.Testingwhethercollectivecognitionexceedsthatoftheindividualisoftenimpracticalsincedifferentorganizationalscalestendtofacedisjointproblems.Oneexceptionistheproblemofnavigatinglargeloadsthroughcomplexenvironmentsandtowardagiventarget.Peopleandantsstandoutintheirabilitytoef?cientlyperformthistasknotjustindividuallybutalsoasagroup.Thisprovidesarareopportunitytoempiricallycompareproblem-solvingskillsandcognitivetraitsacrossspeciesandgroupsizes.Here,wechallengepeopleandantswiththesame“piano-movers”loadmaneuveringpuzzleandshowthatwhileantsperformmoreef?cientlyinlargergroups,theoppositeistrueforhumans.We?ndthatalthoughindividualantscannotgrasptheglobalnatureofthepuzzle,theircollectivemotiontranslatesintoemergentcognitiveskills.Theyencodeshort-termmemoryintheirinternallyorderedstateandthisallowsforenhancedgroupperformance.Peoplecomprehendthepuzzleinawaythatallowsthemtoexploreareducedsearchspaceand,onaverage,outperformants.However,whencommunicationisrestricted,groupsofpeopleresorttothemostobviousmaneuverstofacilitateconsensus.Thisisreminiscentofantbehavior,andnegativelyimpactstheirperformance.Ourresultsexemplifyhowsimplemindscaneasilyenjoyscalabilitywhilecomplexbrains