病毒的基本性状Basiccharacteristicsofviruses讲解.pptx

病毒的基本性状Basiccharacteristicsofviruses主讲老师：王利沙WeifangNursingVocationalCollege潍坊护理职业学院

病毒与人类关系密切Viruseshaveacloserelationshipwithhuman临床传染病约80%由病毒引起有些病毒传染性强、危害性大，可引起世界大流行关系

病毒与人类关系密切Viruseshaveacloserelationshipwithhuman临床传染病约80%由病毒引起About80%ofclinicalinfectiousdiseasesarecausedbyviruses.有些病毒传染性强、危害性大，可引起世界大流行Somevirusesarehighlycontagiousandharmful,andcancauseaglobalpandemic.有些病毒病情严重，病死率高Someviruseshaveseveresymptomsandhighmortalityrates.目前无特效药物Currently,therearenospecificdrugsavailable.关系

病毒与人类关系密切Viruseshaveacloserelationshipwithhuman个体微小Individualistiny结构简单Simplestructure只含一类核酸（DNA/RNA）Containonlyonetypeofnucleicacid(DNA/RNA)活的易感细胞Livingsusceptiblecells病毒非细胞型微生物复制方式增殖Proliferationthroughreplication

01病毒的大小及形态Thesizeandmorphologyofthevirus

病毒的大小及形态Thesizeandmorphologyofthevirus病毒的大小Thesizeofthevirus最大：300nmMaximum:300nm最小：20nmMinimum:20nm个体微小Individualistiny以纳米（nm）为测量单位Measuredinnanometers(nm)电子显微镜electronmicroscope

病毒的大小及形态Thesizeandmorphologyofthevirus病毒的形态Themorphologyofthevirus形态多样Diverseforms主要为球形、杆状、砖形、蝌蚪形及长丝状等Mainlyspherical,rod-shaped,brickshaped,tadpoleshapedandfilamentous,etc引起人或动物疾病的病毒多数为球形Mostvirusesthatcausediseasesinhumansoranimalsaresphericalinshape

02病毒的结构和化学组成Thestructureandchemicalcompositionofviruses

病毒的结构和化学组成Thestructureandchemicalcompositionofviruses基本结构有核心和衣壳,称为核衣壳，有些病毒还有包膜。Thebasicstructureconsistsofacoreandacapsid,knownasanucleocapsid，andsomevirusesalsohaveanenvelope.包膜病毒和裸露病毒Envelopedvirusandnakedvirus

病毒的结构和化学组成Thestructureandchemicalcompositionofviruses核心Core单一核酸：DNA/RNASinglenucleicacid:DNA/RNA决定病毒遗传、变异、增殖、感染等，是生命活动的物质基础。Theinheritance,mutation,proliferation,andinfectionofvirusesarethematerialbasisoflifeactivities.

病毒的结构和化学组成Thestructureandchemicalcompositionofv