初中英语教学：介词8开.doc

介词

定义

介词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须和动词，名词，代词等构成介词短语，才能在句子中充当一个成分。介词是英语中十分活跃的词类，在句子中起到很重要的作用，同时介词也是最少规则可循的词类，几乎每一个介词可用来表示多种不同含义，不同介词往往又有相似的用法，要学好介词，最好的方法是1.掌握常用介词的基本方法2.通过积累，广泛阅读，认真比较，归纳不同介词的用法3.记住介词和其他词类的固定搭配。

用法

（一）.常用介词的基本用法

about①关于，论及whatareyoutalkingabout?

②表时间，数量，年龄的大小，“大约”heisabout20yearsold

③表地点，在附近，在周围各处Ahighwallhasbeenbuiltaboutthehospital.

along沿着，顺着Theboyiswalkingalongthestreet./Therearelotsoftreesalongtheriverbanks.

against①反对itwasaraceagainsttime.I’magainstbuildingthezoo②与动词连用表对抗，碰撞theLakerswillplayagainsttheRocketsnextweek.③依着，靠着Putthechairagainstthewall.

at①表地点Hewillwaitformeatthestation.②表时间年龄Themeetingwillbeginattwoo’clock./Ilearnttoswimattheageoffive③表速度，价钱Iboughtthehouseataveryhighprice.The④朝，向Hethrewabigstoneatmycar

by①在……旁边Heisstandingbythewindow.②靠，通过，借助于Hemakesalivingbyteaching③在…..之前，不迟于CanyoureturnthisbooktomebyMonday？

from①自….，从……,来自….TheyflewfromshanghaitoBeijing

②离…,表距离Howfarisitfromhere？③免于，使…不Weshouldkeeppeoplefromcuttingtrees.

for①为了，替，给，表目的，对象Hereisaletterforyou./Howdoyoustudyforatest?②表时间长度WehavelearntEnglishforfiveyears③由于，因为Guilinisfamousforitswaterandmountains.④适合，合适于Swimmingisgoodforourhealth./Theshirtistoosmallforme.⑤赞成Heisforgivingupsmoking.

in/into①表地点，在…..里面Thereisnotacloudinthesky.②表时间insummer/infiveyears①表向内的动作或方向，进入….之内Pleasethrowthebookintothefire②变…状态translate…into…./Change….into…

on/onto①在….上面Thereisabookonthedesk.②时间onMonday③关于Hewillgiveatalkonwaterandair.④处于…中，Thebuildingisonfire.Onvacation，onbusiness

outside/inside在…外面Awomaniswaitingforyououtsidetheoffice

around在…周围（环绕），Theearthmovesaroundthesun./Helooksaroundtheroom.

with/without①有，带有Sheisabeautifulgirlwithblueeyes.②和…一起Helives