英语词性及句子成分.pptVIP

英语词性分类及用法一、词性的分类、数词numeralnum.three三、副词adverbadv.quickly迅速地、代词pronounpron.you你前面六类是实词：、动词verbv.cut砍、割、形容词adjectiveadj.happy高兴的、名词noun????n.student?学生词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功用，可以分成十个大类。后面四类是虚词：、冠词articleart.a一个介词prepositionprep.at在...连词conjunctionconj.and和感叹词interjectioninterj.oh哦0304050102英语句子成分（七类）一、主语（subject）:句子说明的人或事物。

Thesunrisesintheeast.(名词)Helikesdancing.(代词)高中将学习：Seeingisbelieving.(动名词)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Whatheneedsisabook.(主语从句)Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)二、谓语（predicate）说明主语的动作、状态和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.谓语最重要的是时态和语态。TomwassenttoBeijing.三、表语（predicative）跟在系动词后面的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。常见的系动词有:be,sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝、吃起来)，remain(保持，仍是)，feel(感觉)….很多词可以做表语0102030405Heisateacher.(名词)Fiveandfiveisten.(数词)Heisasleep.(形容词)Hisfatherisin.(副词)Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.Itsoundsagoodidea.020103050604高中将学的表语Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容词化的分词)01Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.”(不定式)02Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表语从句)03三、宾语Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.(数词)4Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.5宾语分两类：动宾和介宾。1跟在动词后面的宾语叫动宾，跟在介词后面的宾语叫介宾。2Hehatesyou.(代词)3以上是动宾6126543Areyouafraidofthesnake?Theyarelookingforadog.这两句是介宾Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.这两句是双宾语：间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)123456高中将学的宾语Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(宾语从句)Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(动名词)四、宾补0102030405对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。01特征：1、跟在宾语后面。2、补充说明宾语。02Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容词)04Weelectedhimmonitor.(名词)03Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)05五、主补1对主语的补充说明。2Hewaselectedmonitor.3Shewasfoundsinging