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管理会计(第10版) 课件 Chapter 3 Cost–volume–profit analysis .ppt

管理会计(第10版) 课件 Chapter 3 Cost–volume–profit analysis .ppt

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Chapter3Cost–volume–profitanalysisManagementAccountingforDecisionMakersTenthEdition

LEARNINGOUTCOMESYoushouldbeableto:Prepareabreak-evenchartanddeducethebreak-evenpointforsomeactivityDemonstratethewayinwhichmarginalanalysiscanbeusedwhenmakingshort-termdecisionsDiscusstheweaknessesofbreak-evenanalysisDistinguishbetweenfixedcostandvariablecostandusethisdistinctiontoexplaintherelationshipbetweencost,volumeofactivityandprofit

ThebehaviourofcostsRemainconstant(fixed)whenchangesoccurtothevolumeofactivityVaryaccordingtothevolumeofactivityCostsmaybeclassifiedas:FixedVariable

Cost(£)Volumeofactivity(unitsofoutput)F0Figure3.1Graphoffixedcostagainstvolumeofactivity

Rentcost(£)VolumeofactivityR0Figure3.2Graphofrentcostagainstthevolumeofactivity

Cost(£)Volumeofactivity0Figure3.3Graphofvariablecostagainstthevolumeofactivity

Electricitycost

(£)Volumeofactivity0TheslopeofthislinegivesthevariablecostperunitofactivityFixedcost

elementFigure3.4Graphofelectricitycostagainstthevolumeofactivity

Cost(£)Volumeofactivity(unitsofoutput)0FTotalcostFixedcostVariablecostFigure3.5Graphoftotalcostagainstvolumeofactivity

Figure3.6Abreak-evenchartRevenue/Cost(£)Volumeofactivity(unitsofoutput)0FTotalcostFixedcostVariablecostBreak-evenpointTotalsalesrevenuePROFITLOSS

Calculatingthebreak-evenpointFixedcost

Salesrevenueperunit?Variablecostsperunitb=

Break-evenLoadfactor%6040ercent2019839620162015728893722018201773949573Figure3.8Break-evenandloadfactorsatRyanairSource:BasedoninformationcontainedintheRyanairHoldingsplcAnnualReport2019.

Contributionmarginratio(CMR)Contribution×100%

SalesrevenueCMR=

Figure3.9aBreak-evenchartforCottageIndustriesLtd’sbasket-makingactivitieswithoutthemachineFixedcostsRevenue/Cost(£000)Volumeofactivity(nu

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