材料拉伸时的力学性能Mechanicalpropertie.pptxVIP

材料拉伸时的力学性能Mechanicalpropertiesofmaterialsduringstretching主讲人：王雅君

12目录CONTENTS低碳钢拉伸实验铸铁拉伸实验LowcarbonsteeltensiletestCastirontensiletest

机械设计基础MechanicalDesign测定低碳钢(Q235钢)的强度性能指标:屈服强度和抗拉强度Determinationofstrengthperformanceindicatorsforlow-carbonsteel(Q235steel):yieldstrengthandtensilestrength测定低碳钢(Q235钢)的塑性性能指标:断后伸长率和断面收缩率。Measuretheplasticperformanceindicatorsoflow-carbonsteel(Q235steel):elongationafterfractureandreductionofarea.

机械设计基础MechanicalDesign测定铸铁的强度性能指标:抗拉强度Determiningthestrengthperformanceindexofcastiron:tensilestrength观察、比较低碳钢(Q235钢)和铸铁两种材料的力学性能、拉伸过程及破坏现象。Observeandcomparethemechanicalproperties,tensileprocess,andfailurephenomenaoflow-carbonsteel(Q235steel)andcastiron.学习试验机的使用方法。Learnhowtousethetestingmachine.

1低碳钢拉伸实验LowcarbonsteeltensiletestONE

一、低碳钢拉伸实验Lowcarbonsteeltensiletest设备和仪器Equipmentandinstruments拉伸试验在拉伸试验机上进行。拉伸试验应按《金属拉伸试验方法》(GB228-87)进行，施加载荷将试样拉伸，测量材料抵抗拉伸载荷作用时的各项性能指标。Forplasticmaterials,whenthestressreachestheyieldlimitσAts,theentirerodwillundergosignificantdeformationandcannotberestored,sotheplasticmaterialwillσSistheultimatestress;Forbrittlematerials,whenthestressreachesthestrengthlimitσFractureoccursattimeb,therefore,forbrittlematerialsσBistheultimatestress.

一、低碳钢拉伸实验Lowcarbonsteeltensiletest设备和仪器Equipmentandinstruments主机host试件test-piece控制器controller计算机computer打印机printer

一、低碳钢拉伸实验Lowcarbonsteeltensiletest游标卡尺：测量试样尺寸Verniercaliper:measuringsamplesize

一、低碳钢拉伸实验Lowcarbonsteeltensiletest2.实验条件experimentalcondition常温(20℃)、静载(缓慢地加载）Normaltemperature(20℃),staticload(slowlyloaded)3.拉伸标准试件TensilestandardspecimenL0=10d0或L0=5d0

一、低碳钢拉伸实验Lowcarbonsteeltensiletest4.实验步骤Procedure测量试样尺寸(直径d0标距长度l0)Measurethesamplesize(diameterd0,gaugelengthl0)开机:打开电源开关;启动计算机，打开试验机控制软件;按复位按扭使控制系统上电。Poweron:Turnonthepowerswitch;Startthecomputerandopenthecontrolsoftware