新编英语演讲与辩论（第二版）课件 Chapter 9 Constructng an Oppositional Case.pptx

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新编英语演讲与辩论（第二版）课件 Chapter 9 Constructng an Oppositional Case.pptx

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Chapter9ConstructnganOppositionalCase

目录CONTENT01Warm-Up02RolesandResponsibilitesoftheFirstOppositionTeam03BuildingtheOppositionCase04OppositionStrategies05Exercises

Warm-up

AWhataretherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheLO?BWhataretherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheDLO?CWhatisthegoaloftheFirstOppositionteam?DWhatstrategiescantheFirstOppositionteamusetomovethedebateforward?

RolesandResponsibilitesoftheFirstOppositionTeam

RolesandResponsibilitiesLODLOadvancetherefutationpresentnewargumentschooseargumentsandrefutedefendtheargumentsaddnewargumentsestablishthestance

OppositionStrategies

MotionsofPolicy01challengingnecessity;Aquestioningeffectiveness;Bidentifyingextraharm;Cpresentingacounter-value;Dproposingacounter-plan.EAsthePropositionalCaseformotionsofpolicyisconstructedalongthelinesofnecessity,justificationandeffectiveness,theOppositionalCasecanbebuiltalongsimilarlines.

A.ChallengingNecessityTheOppositionistochallengethenecessityofthechangeproposedbytheProposition.TheOppositioncanprovethatthereisnoneedtochangeasthestatusquoisgoodenough,arguingthatproblemsarenotassevereasthePropositionportrays.Iftheproblemdoesexist,focusescanbeplacedonthefollowing:Theexistingsystemworkswellinsolvingtheproblems.Eventhoughtheproblemissevere,theexistingsystemsolvesiteffectively.Andthereisnoneedtoadoptanewplan.

B.QuestioningEffectivenessWhenitishardtodenytheprobleminthestatusquo,theOppositioncantargettheattacktowardstheeffectivenessofthemodelproposedbytheGovernment,scrutinizingthemodel’sSolvency:thenewplancannotsolvetheproblem.Benefits:thenewplancannotbringtheexpectedbenefits.

C.IdentifyingextraharmTheOppositioncananalyzetheconsequencesofimplementingthenewplan,lookingforextraharmsitmightbring;demonstratingthattheharmsoutweighthe