新标准大学英语（第二版）综合教程1（智慧版）南京师范大学编B1U5.pptx

Languageinuse;Wordformation:

downincompoundwordsandphrasalverbs

Downsizeisacompoundmadefromdown+size.Itmeans“tomake(anorganization)smaller”.

Closedownisaphrasalverb.Itmeans“toclose(abusiness)permanently”.

1LookatthesentencesfromthepassageThedeathofthenewspaper.

…TheNewYorkTimesCompanyhasdownsizedhundredsofjobs…

TheBaltimoreSunhascloseddownitsforeignnewsbureaux.

;Nowreplacetheunderlinedwordswithcompoundsmadefromdownandthewordsinbrackets.

1I’mgoingtothecentreoftowntonight.(town)

downtown

2Ineedtotransferthisdataontomycomputer.(load)

download

3I’mafraidthey’regoingtomovemetoajobwhichislessimportant.(grade)

downgrade;

4Theeditor’sofficeisonthefloorbelowthisone.(stairs)

downstairs

5Whyhaveyouboughtsuchacheapandpopulartabloid?(market)

downmarket

6Therehasbeenasharpfallindemandinrecentmonths.(turn)

downturn;2Replacetheunderlinedwordswithphrasalverbsmadefromtheverbsinbracketsanddown.

1Housepricesbegantofallafewmonthsago.(go)

godown

2Iappliedforajobwiththelocalpaper,buttheydidn’tofferittome.(turn)

turnedmedown

3Youareexpectedtoleavethepositionafterthreeyearsaspresident.(stand)

standdown;4It’stimeweallstartedtowork.(get)

gotdown

5Forcenturiesthesestorieshavebeentransmittedfromonegenerationtothenext.(hand)

handeddown

6Thegovernmentloweredinterestratesinordertotackleinflation.(bring)

broughtdown

7Shestartedcryingwhensheheardthenews.(break)

brokedown

;So+inversion+that

Whenadjectivesoradverbialphrasesstartingwithso,thesubjectandtheauxiliaryverbareinverted.Weoftendothisforemphasisandtoexpresstheextremedegreeofwhatisbeingdescribed.

3Lookatthesentence.

Thenewswassostrikingthatyearsaftertheevent,manypeople