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3. ELECTRICALQUANTITIES MEASUREMENTS -Syllabus
3. ELECTRICALQUANTITIESMEASUREMENTS-SyllabusDCandACsignalsources: DCpowersupply,FunctiongeneratorsVoltage,currentandresistancemeasurements: Useofanaloganddigitalmulti-metersandtheirlimitations,rangeandsensitivity,shuntandmultiplier,measurementsusingbridgeconfigurations.Phase,timeandfrequencymeasurements: Basicoscilloscopecontrolsandoperatingtechniques,connectors,probesandcompensation;measurementofwaveformvoltage,period,frequency,phaseshift,rise/fall-time;useofuniversalfrequencycounter/timerinfrequencyandtimingmeasurements.Singlephasepowermeasurements: Wattmeter
DCpowersourceBackground:Directcurrent(dc)powersupplyisnormallyusedforportabledevicessuchastorch,radio,mobilephoneandagreatvarietyofportableandmobileequipments.dcpowercanbeobtainedbychemicalreactionandphysicalconversion,theyare:Chemicalreactiontype:BatteryFuelcell
Physicalconversion:dcgeneratorbyelectro-mechanicalenergyconversionPhotocellbyphotovoltaicconversionHowever,inlaboratory,themostcommontypeofdcpowersupplyisbenchdcpowersupply:dcregulatedpowersupply.dcregulatedpowersupplyisaninstrumentwhichconverttheacpowerfromsocketoutlettovariableandstabledcvoltage.
Fig.3.1Benchd.c.powersupply
TypicalcharacteristicsofdcpowersupplyAbasicdcpowersupplyusesatransformertostepdowntheacinputtoanappropriatelevel,whichisthenrectifiedtogiveadcsupply.Avoltageregulatorcircuitisincorporatedtoproduceamorestabledcoutputvoltageandallowstheoutputvoltagetobeadjustable.dcpowersuppliesareusuallyavailableassingle-voltage,dual-voltageandtriple-voltageoutputunits.Eitheroutputoftheunitcanbegroundedtogiveaplusorminusvoltage.Metersareprovidedformonitoringoutputvoltageandcurrent.Forsomemodels,outputcurrentlimitscanbeset.
Shunt
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