英语词汇学教程（第四版）课件：Word and Vocabulary.pptx

WordandVocabulary

Whatisaword?

1.1Whatisaword?Fourcharacteristicsofaword:p2(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage;(2)asoundunit;(3)aunitofmeaning;(4)aformthatcanfunctionaloneina sentence.

1.1Whatisaword?Definition:Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensound,meaningandsyntactic（句法）function.

1.1Whatisaword?Simplexwords:sun,book,fine,eat,well

1.1Whatisaword?Complexwords:nationnationalinternationalinternationalizeinternationalization -ation-izeinter--al

Vocabulary

1.2VocabularyWhat’sthedifferencebetweenwordandvocabulary?Allthewordsofalanguagemakeupitsvocabulary.vocabularyofabookvocabularyofaperiod:contemporaryV

1.2Vocabularypersonalvocabulary:5000-8000-10000passivevocabulary:10000activevocabulary:3000-3500

SoundandMeaning

1.3SoundandMeaningAwordisalinguisticsymbolusedtorefertosomethingintheworld.dogwomanbirdtreeTheconnectionisarbitraryandconventional.

1.3SoundandMeaningarbitrary:decidedwithoutanyreason硬性规定conventional:usedasahabit约定俗成

1.3SoundandMeaning English Chinese d?g g?u`wum?n fùnǚ b?:d ni?o tri: shù

SoundandForm

1.4SoundandFormForm=writtenrecordoftheoralformThetwoformsofalanguageshouldagreewitheachother,suchasRussian,German,OldEnglish.

1.4SoundandFormInmodernEnglish,sound(pronunciation)andform(spelling)havealotofdifferences.Indication:phonetictranscriptiontoshowthepronunciationofeachwordWhatarethereasons?

1.4SoundandForm1.MorephonemesthanlettersNotenoughletterstorepresent phonemesphonemes≥letters

1.4SoundandForm2.Quickerchangeofsoundthan spellingSoundandspellingdonotchange simultaneously.Printingstabilizedspellingwhilesound continuedtochange.

1.4SoundandForm3.Spellingaff