《医学免疫学教学课件》03antibody.pptxVIP

医学免疫学第四章免疫球蛋白Lecture3Antibody

1.Concepts2.Structureofimmunoglobulins3.Immunogenicityofimmunoglobulins(Isotypes,Allotypes,Idiotypes)4.Thefunctionofantibodies5.Antibodyclasses6.ArtificialAntibodyOutlineofthelecture

HistoryEmilvonBehring(1845-1917)1antibody2In1890byvonBehringandKitasatodescribedanactivityinserumoftoxin-immunizedanimalsthatneutralizedtoxin.Transferofimmuneserumcouldprotectna?veanimalsfromdiphtheriaortetanus.3

抗体(antibody,Ab)：是B细胞接受抗原刺激后增殖分化为浆细胞所产生的糖蛋白。主要存在于血清等体液中，能与相应抗原特异性结合显示免疫功能。是介导体液免疫的重要效应分子。免疫球蛋白（Immunoglobulin，Ig）：具有抗体活性或化学结构与抗体类似的球蛋白。--分泌型（secretedIg,sIg）:Ab--膜型（membraneIg,mIg）:BCR

Day02468RestingBcellAntibodyformingcell,AFC(plasmacell)YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

1.Concepts2.StructureofAntibody3.ImmunogenicityofAntibody(Isotypes,Allotypes,Idiotypes)4.Thefunctionofantibodies5.Antibodyclasses6.ArtificialAntibodyOutlineofthelecture

StructureofantibodyBasicstructureHeavychainandLightchain（重链和轻链）VariableregionandConstantregion（可变区和恒定区）OtherstructuresHingeregion（铰链）Joiningchain（J链）Secretorycomponent(SC，分泌片)Domains（功能区）FragmentationofIgbyproteolyticcleavage

1.BasicstructureHeavychainandLightchainVariableregionandConstantregionOtherstructuresHingeregion（铰链）Joiningchain（J链）Secretorycomponent(SC，分泌片)

ThebasicstructureTwoidenticalheavychainandtwoidenticallightchain(2H+2L)Lightchaincombinewithheavychainthroughinterchaindisulfidebonds;andtwoheavychainscombinewitheachotheralsothroughinterchaindisulfidebonds.12polypeptidesstructure

重链（heavychain，H）约440-550个氨基酸，根据重链恒定区结构和免疫原性的差异而分为五类：γ、α、μ、δ、ε，相应Ig：IgG、IgA、IgM、IgD、IgE轻链（lightchain，L）约220个氨基酸，根据轻链恒定区免疫原性不同，分为?和?两型。一个天然Ig分子两条轻链的型别是相同的。在不同种属的动物?与?链的比例不同：人：2：1，小鼠：20：11)Heavychain(H)Lightchain(L)

Ig根据重链恒定区结构的差异分为五类

Accordingthedegreeofvariabilityinaminoacidsequence.VregionaretheN-terminalquarteroft