高考总复习英语配套练习题28 课时质量评价(二十八).pdfVIP

课时质量评价(二十八)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2024·丽水模拟)Foranyonetryingtoloseweight,there’satruthwecanalluniversally

acknowledgethatbetterhealthisoftenpositionedasanumbersgame.Hittherightnumber,and

allyourhealthproblemswillmagicallyresolve,sothelogicgoes.Yetincreasingly,scienceis

revealingthatlosingweightmaynotbeasilverbulletafterall.Inamousestudypublishedinthe

journalScience,lookingspecificallyataninflammatory(炎症的)eyeconditionlinkedtoobesity

calledmaculardegeneration(黄斑退化),researchersfoundthestruggleforbetterhealthdoesn’t

necessarilybeginandendwithweightloss.

Researchersconductedexperimentsonmicethatwerefedahigh-fatdietfor11weeks,

makingthemgainweight.Themicewerethenputonadietoflow-fatfoodfor9weeks,making

themloseweight.Anothergroupofmiceonlyatethelow-fatdietasacontrol.Researchersshot

lasersintotheeyesofboththeyo-yodietermiceandthecontrolmicetoencourageatypicalblood

vessel(非典型性血管)growth,amarkofmaculardegeneration.

Amongthemicethathadgainedandthenlostweight,therewasabout40percentmore

atypicalbloodvesselgrowththantheirstabledietpeers.Drivingthegrowthappearedtobe

macrophages(巨噬细胞).Intheyo-yodietermice,thesecellshadbeenreprogrammedtocause

inflammation.Takentogether,thesecellsappearedtohaveanoutsizeroleinatypicalbloodvessel

growthintheeyes.Meanwhile,inthemicefedonlyalow-fatdiet,inflammatorychangeswere

absent.Theresultssuggestthateatingahigh-fatdietthatcausesweightgain,eveniffollowedby

weightloss,leavesaninflammatorymarkonmousemacrophages.

Theresearchcomesduringaperiodofrenewedinterestinanti-obesitydrugs