叙事结构严格讲故事telling rigorous stories.pdfVIP

叙事结构严格讲故事telling rigorous stories.pdf

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Story-tellingwithaddedrigour!

•Wewantouranalysisnarratives(stories)tobe

asobjectiveaspossibleandtotellthetruth!

•So,howdowegoaboutthis?

•Byapproachingthedisciplineofnarrative

construction(storytelling)inthesameway

thatweapproachthedevelopmentofalogical

proof.

LogicalProof

Alogicalproofwilldemonstratethatasetof

logicallysoundstatementsareconsistentwith

eachotherandwiththeacceptedbodyof

existingknowledgeinthatproblemdomain.

LogicalProof

The“logicallysound”constraintisthatthe

statementsaresubjecttoasetofruleswhich

specifiesboththecriteriaforestablishing

consistencyandthemanipulationsthatare

allowableonthestatements.Therulesetis

knownasalogicalgrammar.Mathematicsisan

exampleofalogicalgrammarasisLogicitself.

Mathematicsisasubsetoflogicbutwithamore

developed(andconstrained)grammar.

LogicalProof

•Toproveconsistencybetweenstatementsis

technicallyimpossible–sothescientificreasoning

approachof“proofbyrefutation”isused.

•Thistechniqueiseffectivelyadoublenegative:itis

todisprovetheexistenceofanyandallpossible

inconsistenciesbetweenthestatements–ifthisis

donesuccessfullythenthereisonlyonepossible

outcome:thatthestatementsareconsistentand

thereforethesystemofstatementsis“true”i.e.

internallyconsistentandlogicallysoundwithinthe

specificationofthegrammar.

•NBThisonlyworksreliablyinparticular“domains”.

Finite(Closed)Domains

•Adomainisthesetofallpossiblestatementsof

knowledgewithwhichconsistencymustbe

tested.

•Insomeproblemareasthedomainisfinite,and

accessibleandsmallenoughtotestexhaustively

thenanabsoluteproofispossible–i.e.

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