体育部薪火相传词汇11 context.pdfVIP

Therearelinguisticcontext

andextra-linguisticcontext.

Theformercoversaphrase,

asentence,aparagraph,

anarticle,andevenabook.

Thelatterembracesthepeople,time,

place,andeventhewholecultural

background.

LinguisticContext

a.Lexical

♫befitformanorbeast

♫~andwife

♫Hehasseveralmenunderhim.

♫Bea~andfaceyourtrouble.

♫themenonthechessboard

♫~thelab

♫hitthetarget

♫~theground

♫~theanswer

♫~theroad

♫~thebottle

♫~thebooks

fasthorse

~window

~friend

~color

~woman

b.Grtical

◊Daydreamshaveerealities.

◊Herclothes~her.

◊What’s~ofGeorge?

☆Thesunwentdown.

☆Ifeel~today.

☆Theboxer~edhisopponent.

☆Hehadmanyupsand~sinhis

life.

☆Theyclimbed~thetree.

Extra-linguisticcontext

Somechicken,someneck!

WinstonChurchill

In3weeksEnglandwillhaveherneck

wrunglikeachicken.

Hitler

Theroleofcontext

1.Eliminationofambiguity

☆Heisahardbusinessman.

☆~todealwith.

★Hisrecoverywasapparent.

☆~;itwasn’trealrecovery.

♪IlikeMaryterthanJane.

♪IlikeMaryterthanJanedoes.

♪IlikeMaryterthanIdoJane.

♫Icaughttheboysmoking.

♫Icaughttheboyintheactofsmoking.

♫Icaughttheboywhowassmoking.

♫IcaughttheboywhileIwassmoking.

2.Indicationofreferents

—Doyouthinkhewill?

—Idon’tknow.Hemight.

—Isupposeheoughtto,but

perhapshefeelshecan’t.

—Well,hisbrothershave.They

perhapsthinkheneedn’t.

—Perhapseventuallyhemay.I

thinkheshould,andIverymuch

hopehewill.

3.Provisionofcluesforinferring

word-meaning.

ManyU.N.employeesarepolyglots.

MsMarry,forexample,speaks5

languages.