A2 Physics 物理 出国英语5.3 Thermal Energy MS (2).pdfVIP

QuestionsonThermalEnergyMS

1.Equation

RecallofpV=nRT1

Molesofair

Estimateoftemperature≈20oC[Range0–39](1)

Useofequation,includingconversionoftemperaturetoKANDsensiblevolume(1)

5Pa×20×10–6m3/8.31×293

Evaluation:n=pV/RT=1.0×10

=8×10–4(1)3

Volumeofbubble

(V∝Tsincepandnconstant)(1)

sovolumesmaller(1)1

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2.Temperatureoffire

Heatlostbystone=heatgainedbywater

OR(mc∆θ)stone=(mc∆θ)water(1)

–1–1

198kg×1100Jkg°C×∆θ

–1–1

=513kg×4200Jkg°C

×(100°C–18°C)[i.e.∆Eforwater](1)

∆θ=810°C(1)

θ=910°C(1)4

Whytemperatureoffirehigherthancalculated

Energyfromstonesgreaterthancalculated/stonesarehotterthan(1)

thisatthestart(sinceheattosurroundings)

+additionaldetail,e.g.

Heatlostbystoneswhiletransferred/stonesnotheatedthrough–

effectivemsmaller/laststoneprobablyprovidedmorethanenough(1)2

energyforfinalincrease/someheatlostbywater

[6]

3.Ca