超实用高考英语复习：抢分秘籍03 阅读理解(主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测)（原卷版）.docxVIP

抢分秘籍03阅读理解

(主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测)

概率预测

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题型预测

阅读理解——主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测

考向预测

主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测

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【思维导图】

一、主旨大意题

秘籍：主旨大意题分为归纳文章标题、段落大意和文章大意。标题归纳题属于文章中心思想的精炼表达。标题具有以下特征：①概括性：能概括全文并体现文章的主旨；②针对性：内涵相符，范围一致；③新颖性：新颖奇特，吸引眼球；④精准性：不改变原文的意思和感情色彩⑤简短性：名词短语,动名词短语或祈使句。

段落大意题解题时重点关注段落第一句，段落第一句往往是段落的主旨句，有时会和段落结尾句首尾呼应。文章大意题解答时应当重点关注文章第一段和最后一段。第一段往往会点明文章的主要内容和线索，有时在各个段落的主旨句中也可以提炼文章的大意。

易错点1：文章标题的常见错误（①断章取义；②以偏概全）

(2025年1月?浙江卷)Anoveldesignapproachtogardeninghasbeengaininginpopularityworldwide.Referredtoasmatrixplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalotmoreoftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andevensomeofthedesigning.Eschewingfertilizers(化肥)andpowertools,it’sbasedonanelegantlysimpleprinciple:togardenmorelikenaturedoes.

TheconceptwasbornwhenGermancityplannerssoughttoplantlargeareasofparklandafterWorldWarIIinareproduciblewaythatwouldneedminimalmaintenance.Plannerscreatedplantingmixesthatcouldbeusedmodularly(模块化).Inamatrixgarden,plantswithsimilarculturalneedsaregroupedsothattheywillgrowtogetheraboveandbelowground,formingacooperativeecosystemthatconserveswateranddiscouragesweeds.

DutchplantsmananddesignerPietOudolf’sgardenspopularizedthisstyle,addingartisticflavorstotheplantingmixeswhileplayingwithcolorandform,includingfour-seasoninterestandservingtheneedsofwildlife.Beautifulyear-round,theyinviteyoutoenjoythesmallestdetail,fromthesoundofgrassesinthegentlewindtothesculptureofodd-lookingseedheads.

Ittakesalotofthoughttolookthisnatural.Whilematrixgardensappearwild,theyarecarefullyplanned,withculturalneedsthefirstconsideration.Ledbytheconceptof“rightplant,rightplace,”theymatchplantsthatenjoythesamesoil,sunandweatherconditions,andarrangethemaccordingtotheirpatternsofgrowth.

Thebenefitsaresubstantialforbothgardenerandplanet.Withhumaninputsdrama