专升本考试 英语 过去式变化规则.docxVIP

过去式变化规则

动词变化规则

一般动词直接加-ed，例如：look-looked；

以哑e结尾的动词直接加-d，例如：dance-danced；

辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加ed，例如：study-studied；

以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母加-ed，例如：skip-skipped；

以c结尾的动词，要变c为ck，再加-ed；

以l结尾的动词，若以非重读音节结尾，则末尾的字母双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。例如：travel-travelled/traveled(美）；

部分以-p结尾的动词同样遵循第6条，这类词多由“前缀+名词”构成。例如：worship-worshipped/worshiped(美)、handicap-handicapped/handicaped(美)。

注：英语26个字母中，除了a，e，i，o，u这几个元音字母外，其他都是辅音字母。

不规则动词变化

原形

过去式

过去分词

is/am/are

was/were

been

begin

began

begun

break

broke

broken

buy

bought

bought

catch

caught

caught

come

came

come

cut

cut

cut

do

did

done

draw

drew

drawn

drink

drank

drunk

drive

drove

driven

eat

ate

eaten

fall

fell

fallen

feel

felt

felt

fight

fought

fought

find

found

found

fly

flew

flown

get

got

got

give

gave

given

go

went

gone

grow

grew

grown

have

had

had

hear

heard

heard

hit

hit

hit

hurt

hurt

hurt

know

knew

known

leave

left

left

lose

lost

lost

make

made

made

meet

met

met

put

put

put

read

read

read

ride

rode

ridden

ring

rang

rung

rise

rose

risen

run

ran

run

say

said

said

see

saw

seen

sell

sold

sold

send

sent

sent

set

set

set

shut

shut

shut

sing

sang

sung

sit

sat

sat

sleep

slept

slept

speak

spoke

spoken

spend

spent

spent

stand

stood

stood

swim

swam

swum

sweep

swept

swept

take

took

taken

teach

taught

taught

tell

told

told

think

thought

thought

throw

threw

thrown

understand

understood

understood

wear

wore

worn

write

wrote

written

用法

（1）一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般不强调动作的影响，只说明事情。

句式：主语+动词过去式+宾语+其它

IhadawordwithJuliathismorning.今天早晨，我跟朱莉娅说了几句话。

Hesmokedmanycigarettesadayuntilhegaveup.他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。

(2)一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday,lastweek,inthepast,in1993,atthattime,once,duringthewar,before,afewdaysago,when等等.

注意

在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。

Hewasdeadin1990.

(3）表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。

Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment，lookedatthecaptain，andthendied.

那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。

（4）表示在此之前一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always，never等连用。

Mrs.Peteralwayscarriedanumbrella.

彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。

（只