冯达文哲学史读书笔记：先秦哲学与社会结构探析.pdfVIP

FengDawensreadingnotesonTheNewHistoryofPhilosophy(for

mypostgraduateentranceexamination)

(1)PhilosophyinthePre-Qin

Period

TheThreeEmperors:Chao,SuirenandShennong.(orSuiren,Fuxi,Shennong)

Theancientfirmlybelievedthathumancivilizationhasnotraceofdivinecreation.FuxicreatedBaguanot

bylisteningbutbywatching.Itrepresentsthedifferenceweendifferentculturaltraditionsthatemphasizereaso

nandfaith.

TheFiveEmperors:Huangdi,Zhuanxu,EmperorKu,

Yao,andShun.

1.EnteringtheeraofFiveEmperors,therehavebeen

large-scalewars.

2.Promotetheconcession

system.

3.Theworldisfort

hecommongood.

夏朝

FromYutoJie17Jun14generations,fromthe21stcenturyBCtothe17thcentury

BC.

TheShangDynastylastedfromTangtoZhou,with31emperorsand17generations,

fromthe17thcenturyBCtothe12thcenturyBC.

Thesocialstructureandideologicalbeliefsof

theYin,ShangandWesternZhoudynasties

1.Socialorganizationalstructureof

clansystem

Ontheonehand,astherulingclass,theYinpeopleformedandfacedtheruledclassasawholeclan;onthe

otherhand,astheruledclass,peoplealsolivedandwerecontrolledintheformofbloodrelatives.

DifferentfromtheYinandShangDynasties,theZhouDynastyestablishedastrictpatriarchalsystemwithinthe

rulers.Theseinclude:distinguishingtherelationshipweendirectconcubinesandconcubines,implementingthe

eldestsoninheritancesystem;enfeoffingchildrentovariousces,implementingthefeudalsystemandhereditary

system;clarifyingthedifferencesweendistantandnearrelativesandupperandlowergrades,andcreating

etiquettenorms.

2.Thebeliefrepresentedbythe

emperoroftheYin