三叉神分支及功能.pdfVIP

神经

1.Branchesofthetrigeminalnerve:ophthalmicnerve,maxillarynerve,

mandibularnerve

2.Ocularnerve:sensorynerve,exitstheskullfromthesuperiororbital

fissure,andbranchesintothelacrimalglandnerve,frontalnerve,and

nasociliarynerve.

Mandibularnerve:dividedintofoursegments:middlecranialfossasegment,

3.上段

pterygopalatinefossasegment,infraorbitalcanalsegment

(1).Middlecranialfossasegmentofthemaxillarynerve:sendsoutthe

middlemeningealnerveanddistributesintheduramater.

(2).Pterygopalatinefossasectionofthemaxillarynerve:zygomaticnerve-

zygomatictemporalskin;pterygopalatinenervepassesthroughthe

sphenopalatineganglionandsendsoutthenasopalatinenerve;palatine

nerve-threebranchesanterior,middleandposterior.Anteriorpalatine

nerve:Greaterpalatinenerve,distributedin3-8palatalmucosaandgums.

Posteriormiddlepalatinenerve:serpalatinenerve,whichdistributesthe

earlobes,palatinetonsils,andsoftpalate;Posteriorsuperioralveolarnerve:

exitsthepterygopalatinefossathroughthepterygomaxillaryclefttothe

infratemporalfossa.

(3).Infraorbitalsegmentofthemaxillarynerve:middlesuperior

alveolarnerve:distributedinthemesiobuccalrootsofthepremolarsand

firstmolars,periodontalligament,alveolarbone,gingiva,andmaxillary

sinus;premaxillarynerve:distributedintheanteriorteeth,periodontal

ligament,alveolarbone,labialgingiva,andmaxillarysinus.

(4).Facialsegmentofmaxillarynerve:palpebralbranch:skinoflower

eyelid;nasalbranch:sideofnose,nasalvestibule;upperlabialbranch:upper

lip

4.Mandibularnerve:Themixednervepassesthroughtheforamenovale→

infratemporalfossa→meningealbranch,medialpterygoidmusclebranch,

anter