靠右行驶规则在交通流量与安全中数学模型分析.pdfVIP

2014MCMProblems

PROBLEMA:TheKeep-Right-Except-To-PassRule

Incountrieswheredrivingautomobiontherightistherule(thatis,USA,and

mostothercountriesexceptforGreatBritain,Australia,andsomeformerBritishcolonies),

multi-lanefreewaysoftenemployarulethatrequiresdriverstodriveintheright-mostlane

unstheyarepassinganothervehicle,inwhichcasetheymoveonelanetotheleft,pass,

andreturntotheirformertravellane.

Buildandanalyzeamathematicalmodeltoanalyzetheperformanceofthisruleinlight

andheavytraffic.Youmaywishtoexaminetradeoffsweentrafficflowandsafety,therole

ofunder-orover-postedspeedlimits(thatis,speedlimitsthataretoolowortoohigh),and/or

otherfactorsthatmaynotbeexplicitlycalledoutinthisproblemstatement.Isthisrule

effectiveinpromotingtertrafficflow?Ifnot,suggestandanalyzealternatives(toinclude

possiblynoruleofthiskindatall)thatmightpromotegreatertrafficflow,safety,and/orother

factorsthatyoudeemimportant.

Incountrieswheredrivingautomobiontheleftisthenorm,arguewhetherornotyour

solutioncanbecarriedoverwithasimplechangeoforientation,orwouldadditional

requirementsbeneeded.

Lastly,theruleasstatedabovereliesuponhumanjudgmentforcompliance.Ifvehicle

transportationonthesameroadwaywasfullyunderthecontrolofanintelligentsystem–

eitherpartoftheroadnetworkorimbeddedinthedesignofallvehicusingtheroadway–

towhatextentwouldthischangetheresultsofyourearlieranalysis?

MCM2014A题：除非超车否则靠右行驶的交通规则

在一些汽车靠右行驶的国家（比如，等等），多车道的常常遵循

以下原则：必须在最右侧驾驶，除非他们正在超车，超车时必须先移到左侧车道在

超车后再返回。

建立数学模型来分析这条规则在低负荷和高负荷状态下的交通路况的表现。你不妨

考察一量和安全的权衡问题,车速过高过低的限制，或者这个问题陈述中可能出现

的其他因素