机械化对社会影响与语法复习.pdfVIP

这篇文章我在斯群里面发过一次，但是主要是讲结构、用词的手法，但是段落篇章解析，修辞都

没有讲，这里完完整整地贴出来，这篇文章中有不少我们曾经学过的语法，在一篇文章中复习语法要比单

纯地语则学习更为直接一些。本文较长，连解析带翻译，约10,100字，希望大家有耐心读完。觉得太

长，就算了，不读也无所谓。

先阅读下文：

Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofwork-hasarevolutionaryeffectonthelivesofthepeoplewhooperate

thenewmachinesandonthesocietyintowhichthemachineshavebeenintroduced.Forexample,ithasbeensuggestedthatthe

employmentofwomeninindustrytookthemoutofthehousehold,theirtraditionalsphere,andfundamentallyalteredtheir

positioninsociety.Inthenineteenthcentury,whenwomenbegantoenterfactories,JSimon,aFrenchpolitician,warnedthat

bydoingso,womenwouldgiveuptheirfemininity.FriedrichEngels,however,predictedthatwomenwouldbeliberatedfromthe

social,legal,andeconomicsubordinationofthefamilybytechnologicaldevelopmentsthatmadepossibletherecruitmentofthe

wholefemale...intopublicindustry.Observersthusdifferedconcerningthesocialdesirabilityofmechanizationseffects,but

theyagreedthatitwouldtransform.womenslives.

Infact,historians,particularlythoseinvestingthehistoryofwomen,seriouslyquestionthisassumptionoftransforming

power.Theyconcludethatsuchdramatictechnologicalinnovationsasthespinningjenny,thesewingmachine,thetypewriter,and

thevacuumcleanerhavenotresultedinequallydramaticsocialchangesinwomenseconomicpositionorintheprevailing

evaluationofwomenswork.TheemploymentofyoungwomenintextilemillsduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwaslargelyan

extensionofanolderpatternofemploymentofyoung,singlewomenasdomestics.Itwasnotthechangeinofficetechnology,but

rathertheseparationofsecretarialwork,previouslyseenasanapprenticeshipforbeginningmanagers,froma