铁道车辆用车轴钢夹杂物分析及改善措施.pdfVIP

HotWorkingTechnology2022,Vol.51,No.17

·失效分析·

铁道车辆用车轴钢夹杂物分析及改善措施

赵志刚，张锦文，王松伟，王育田

（山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司技术中心，山西太原030003）

摘要：通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪观察了铁道车辆用车轴钢中夹杂物形貌，并分析了其成分，提出了工

艺优化方案，研究了优化工艺对夹杂物的去除效果。结果表明：采用传统工艺生产的车轴钢内部存在1.0～1.2mm的

团聚型大尺寸Al.O,+2CaO夹杂物。通过提高转炉终点碳和磷一次命中率、转炉终点A1含量由0.015%~0.020%提高到

0.020%~0.025%，Ca含量由0.0010%~0.0015%提高到0.0015%~0.0020%，延长LF和VD软吹时间、减少LF和VD

过程的铝线和硅钙线喂人量、增大中间包容量、增高中间包下挡墙、结晶器水口优化为6孔旋流水口等可有效控制大颗

粒夹杂物的生成和去除。

关键词：车轴钢；大颗粒夹杂物；炼钢；中间包；浸人式水口

D0I:10.14158/ki

中图分类号：TG243文献标识码：A文章编号：1001-3814(2022)17-0144-04

AnalysisandImprovementMeasuresofInclusionsinAxleSteel

forRailwayVehicles

ZHAOZhigang,ZHANGJinwen,WANGSongwei,WANGYutian

(TechnologyCenter,ShanxiTaigangStainlessSteelCo.,Ltd.,Taiyuan030003,China)

Abstract:Themorphologiesofinclusionsinrailwayvehicleaxlesteelwereobservedbymetalographicmicroscope,

scanningelectronmicroscopeandenergydispersivespectrometer,anditscompositionwasanalyzed.Theoptimizedprocess

schemewasputforward,andtheremovaleffectoftheinclusionsbytheoptimizedprocesswasstudied.Theresultsshowthat

thereare1.0-1.2mmagglomeratedlarge-sizedAl,O,+2CaOinclusionsinaxlesteelproducedbytraditionaltechnology.By

improvingtheprimaryhitrateofcarbonandphosphorusattheendofconverter,increasingtheAlcontentattheendof

converterfrom0.015%-0.020%to0.020%-0.025%,andincreasingtheCacontentfrom0.0010%-0.0015%to0.0015%-

0.0020%,prolonginfthesofblowingtimeofLFandVD,reducingthefeedingamountofaluminumwireandsiliconcalcium

wireinLFandVDproces,increasingthecapacityoftundish,increasingthelowerretainingwalloftundish,andopt