2025年全英文微生物题库及答案.docVIP

2025年全英文微生物题库及答案

一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）

1.WhichofthefollowingisaGram-negativebacterium?

A)Staphylococcusaureus

B)Streptococcuspneumoniae

C)Escherichiacoli

D)Bacillussubtilis

Answer:C)Escherichiacoli

2.Theprocessbywhichbacteriatransfergeneticmaterialthroughdirectcontactisknownas:

A)Transduction

B)Conjugation

C)Transformation

D)Translocation

Answer:B)Conjugation

3.WhichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofArchaea?

A)Presenceofpeptidoglycanincellwalls

B)Abilitytoperformphotosynthesis

C)Presenceofflagellaformovement

D)Abilitytoliveinextremeenvironments

Answer:D)Abilitytoliveinextremeenvironments

4.Themetabolicprocessbywhichorganismsbreakdownglucosetoproduceenergyinthepresenceofoxygenis:

A)Fermentation

B)Anaerobicrespiration

C)Aerobicrespiration

D)Photosynthesis

Answer:C)Aerobicrespiration

5.WhichofthefollowingisaviralenzymethathelpsinthereplicationofviralDNA?

A)Reversetranscriptase

B)Polymerase

C)Helicase

D)Ligase

Answer:B)Polymerase

6.Thestructurethatprotectsthegeneticmaterialinbacteriais:

A)Capsule

B)Flagellum

C)Plasmid

D)Nucleoid

Answer:D)Nucleoid

7.Whichofthefollowingisamethodusedtoseparatebacteriabasedontheirabilitytofermentlactose?

A)Gramstaining

B)Nutrientagar

C)Methylenebluestaining

D)MacConkeyagar

Answer:D)MacConkeyagar

8.TheprocessbywhichbacteriatakeupfreeDNAfromtheirenvironmentis:

A)Transduction

B)Conjugation

C)Transformation

D)Translocation

Answer:C)Transformation

9.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofbacteriathatcanformendospores?

A)Streptococcus

B)Staphylococcus

C)Bacillus

D)Pseudomonas

Answer:C)Bacillus

10.Theprocessbywhichavirusinfectsahostcellandtakesoveritscellularmachinerytoproducemorevirusesis:

A)Bu