高考英语阅读理解黄金法则（共18页）.pdfVIP

高考英语阅读理解黄金法则

三大同义句改写方式专练(精编版）

1.词汇替换

（1）同义词替换：用意思相近的词替换原文中的词汇。如将“big”换成“large”

“huge”，“happy”换成“glad”“pleased”等。

原文：Regularexercisecanimprovementalhealth.

题目：Howdoesphysicalactivitybenefitpeopleaccordingtothetext?

A.Itenhancespsychologicalwell-being.B.Itreducesfinancialstress.

C.Itincreasessocialisolation.D.Itweakenscognitiveabilities.

答案：A。在这道题中，“improve”和“enhance”是同义词，“mental”和“psychological”

是同义词,“health”和“well-being”是同义词,A选项一一替换了原文中的意思相

近词，句子意思基本保持不变。

【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】

原文：TheChinesegovernmenthasbeenworkinghardtostopthedesertificationprocess.

题目：WhathastheChinesegovernmentbeendoing?

A.Ithasbeendevelopingnewenergy.

B.Ithasbeenpromotinginternationalcooperation.

C.Ithasbeenmakingeffortstopreventdesertification.

D.Ithasbeenprotectingculturalheritage.

答案：C。“tostopthedesertificationprocess”（阻止沙漠化进程）是简单句中不

定式表目的，C选项“makingeffortstopreventdesertification”（努力防止沙漠化）

同样是简单句，但是从复合句角度理解，可等同于“becauseitwantstoprevent

desertification,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenmakingefforts”，这里体现了简单句

与复合句转换的理解角度。A选项“开发新能源”、B选项“促进国际合作”、D

选项“保护文化遗产”原文均未提及。

（2）词性转换：改变词汇的词性，如把名词“success”改成形容词“successful”，

动词“improve”改成名词“improvement”。

原文：Hishardworkfinallyledtohissuccess.

题目：Whywashesuccessfulaccordingtothepassage?

A.Becausehewaslucky.B.Becauseheworkedhard.

C.Becausehehadalotofmoney.D.Becausehisfamilysupportedhim.

答案：B。原文中“success”是名词，题目中“successful”是形容词，同时“hardwork”

（名词短语）转换为“workedhard”（动词短语）。A选项“lucky”、C选项“had

alotofmoney”、D选项“hisfamilysupportedhim”在原文中均未提及。

【2021年新高考Ⅰ卷】

原文：Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthrough

thebrain.Theexhibitionshowshowthelatestscienceandtechnologyarehelpingto

revealthemysteriesofthehumanbrain.

题目：Whatdoestheexhibitiondo?

A.Itoffersvisitorsacompletepictureofhumanevolution.

B.Itpresentsthefindingsofthestudyonthehumanbrain.

C.Itintroducesthehistoryofthehumanbrainresearch.

D.Itgivesvisito